336 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



17. To determine when the value of skim milk, calf and 

 manure will pay for the labor, housing, service fee, interest and 

 depreciation on cow and dairy utensils, compare the upper and 

 lower figures in light bold-face type. The difference between 

 these is shown by the upper line of figures in large black type. 

 From these, it can be seen that in the case of the cows producing 

 less than 9,000 pounds of milk, the skim milk, calf and manure 

 do not pay for the labor, housing, service fee and depreciation 

 on cows and utensils, while with cows producing more than this 

 amount, these returns are so much greater that there is a rapid 

 rise in profit as the production increases. 



18. To obtain the final results of profit or loss per cow, 

 the milk, to be as near the average for all breeds as possible, is 

 considered to contain 4 per cent butter fat, which is the average 

 of the 1,200 cows tested by this station. In applying the table 

 to a herd, computations for each individual cow must be made, 

 depending upon the total amount of butter fat in her milk. 



19. The value of the butter fat is based upon the Elgin 

 prices for butter during the years 1907 and 1908, which averaged 

 slightly above 27 cents. The overrun, which is the amount of 

 butter made above the amount of butter fat, is allowed for the 

 expense of making the butter. 



20. The cost of feed per cow is based on the prices of feed 

 for the past two years, which is decidedly higher than formerly. 

 The cost of feed is raised $2 for each 1,000 pounds' increase in 

 production of milk. This increase is based upon a large number 

 of yearly records kept at the University of Illinois, where an ac- 

 curate account is kept of all feed consumed and milk and butter 

 fat produced for the entire year, on cows that vary in produc- 

 tion from 2,000 to 15,000 pounds of milk annually. Too much 

 emphasis cannot be placed upon the fact that the milk is made 

 more economically by the higher producers, as they are far more 

 efficient cows. 



21. The profit from the butter fat over tht cost of feed is 

 shown by the figures in line 21. The total year's profit for the 

 cow is obtained by adding the profit from butter fat over feed 



