FIFTY-SECOND ANNUAL CONVENTION 71 



any one or all of the following feeds, a person doesn't need 

 to worry about phosphorus — the cows get plenty of it. In 

 those feeds are these : 



Wheat bran 

 Wheat middlings 

 Linseed meal 

 Cottonseed meal 

 Soy beans or 

 Peanuts or 

 Peanut oil meal. 



If one-third of the concentrate grain mixture is made 

 up of any one or all of those four feeds, one does not need 

 to pay any attention to phosphorus. He can use ordinary 

 ground limestone or even wood ashes or marl, that in Wis- 

 consin many of our farmers are digging up out of our old 

 lake beds; and if a person doesn't have plenty of legume 

 hay I would recommend the addition of three or four 

 pounds of one of these calcium supplements to one hun- 

 dred pounds of grain mixture, ground limestone, marl or 

 wood ashes. 



Even if a person does have plenty of legume hay and 

 though it may do no good, still I would use two or three 

 pounds of ground limestone or marl with every one hun- 

 dred pounds of the concentrate or a grain mixture. If a 

 person is using entirely home-grown grain and not using 

 any of those high phosphorus feeds, under those conditions 

 instead of using limestone, marl or wood ashes I would use 

 bonemeal or bone black, which supply not only lime but 

 also phosphorus. ^ 



I mentioned this morning that farmers sometimes have 

 trouble from goiter or the big neck in calves. Under such 

 condition I would recommend the use of iodine. 



How about the other ingredients often put into min- 

 eral mixtures, such as Epsom salts, Glauber's salts, sulphur, 

 charcoal, etc.? So far as I know, there is no benefit from 

 the use of any of those constituents in a mineral mixture 

 for dairy cows. I know of no experiments showing that a 

 cow will be happier, healthier or more productive if she 



