FIFTY-SECOND ANNUAL CONVENTION 167 



to grow grain, and wherever they grew grain, grain crops, 

 the grain crops depleted the soils of those bleak New Eng- 

 land hills, until finally no more grain could be grown and 

 they had to move west in vegetation soils, which they did ; 

 and in their place came the beef cattle man, and the grain 

 farmer moved farther west and farther west until he came 

 to New York, across Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and today he 

 is making his last stand in western Kansas, Nebraska, 

 Oklahoma, North and South Dakota. Now across this en- 

 tire process you find a few of the grain farmers still staying 

 put. You have in this locality a very, very rich soil, a soil 

 that is very hard to deplete, very hard to starve out the 

 exclusive grain man, unfortunately so frcm the standpoint 

 of the most successful agricultural program. 



However, gradually the beef man and the hog man 

 has come in and now as the population becomes heavier, 

 more dense, as large cities grow closer, you are going to 

 the more intensive types of production, which is the dairy 

 and the old hen. I may have a good part to say this after- 

 noon in regard to poultry as a subsidiary line to dairying, 

 because I think, analyzing it more closely, that the dairy 

 industry in its program causes the most intensive type of 

 dairy business to be located near our large cities. This is 

 gradually moving farther and farther out into the country. 



We have heard a great deal in the last ten years in 

 Illinois, regarding the dairy business. It is a prosperous 

 industry in the state; taking during the past six years, I 

 suppose the dairyman has been the most prosperous of all 

 classes of farmers. I do not believe there is a single gen- 

 eral class in that general line of products that has been 

 more prosperous, better fed, less prone to complain, than 

 has the dairyman. Now it all must be based upon some 

 very sound thing, which is the use of good cows, intelligent 

 feeding, and intelligent marketing. 



Many people, especially in new countries — just a point 

 that I wish to make, and I will speak very much at ran- 

 dom this afternoon — after hearing a program such as you 

 have had here this week are apt to become over-enthusias- 

 tic on the dairy business. If I offer one word of caution. 



