FORTY-FIRST ANNUAL CONVENTION 32^ 



profits. In the testing of cream for butter fat 'the cream is weigh- 

 ed and not measured with a pipette as in the testing of milk sam- 

 ples; therefore the patron bringing rich cream gets just as fair 

 I test as the one having thin cream. 



The creamery patron should avoid too thin or too rich 

 cream, as neither is wholly desirable, but should regulate his 

 separator to separate a richer cream in summer than in winter,-7 

 about 30 percent in winter and 35 percent in summer. 



Frequency of Delivery at Creamery. 



This will depend to some extent upon the season of the year 

 and somewhat upon the facilities which the farrher may have at 

 hand for keeping his cream in good, sweet condition. One patron 

 may have no cool spring water or ice and therefore must deliver 

 his cream every day or four times a week in summer, while hi? 

 neighbor with proper care and good cooling facilities may be 

 able to keep his cream for three or four days in summer in ab- 

 solutely sweet and good condition. No rule for the delivery of 

 cream will fit all conditions and the patron should be willing to 

 make his deliveries so often that his cream will always reach the 

 creamery in proper condition. 



Keeping cream too long, even if held at the right tempera- 

 ture, will cause old and bitter flavors to develop. This may not 

 be so noticeable in the cream as in the butter. Four days may be 

 considered the limit of the time that cream may be kept under 

 the best of farm conditions and care without injury to the quali- 

 ty of the butter. Therefore cream must be delivered to the 

 creamery at least twice a week in winter and three times in sum- 

 mer if it is to reach the creamery in good condition and make 

 butter that will keep well. 



Methods for Cooling Cream on the Farm. 



New England is especially blest with many springs. The 

 majority of the farms in the dairy sections of Vermont have one 

 or more springs running with pure, sparkling cold water. Need- 

 less to say, such a spring within easy reach of house and barn is 



