64 



ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION 



Slide— 



At time of milking. 

 20,000 per c. c. 

 50,000 per c. c. 



At time of sale. 



15,400,000 per c. c. 



3,200,000 per c. c. 



Part of this increase was due to holding at too high a tem- 

 perature and the rest to the use of unclean utensils. 



The same idea is borne out by this slide which shows a num- 

 ber of cases in which samples were taken at the dairy farm and 

 again out on the route. In this case a sample of morning's milk 

 was taken at the farm, and a sample of morning's milk asked 

 for on the route. 



Slide — Utensil Contamination. 

 At Time of Milking. 

 Total Count Gas in 



16,000 o 



1 1 ,000 o 



50,000 o 



35,400 o 



Dairyman 



A 

 Dairyman 



B 



Dairyman 

 C 



Dairyman 

 D 



12,500 ,001 c. c. 



20,000 



50,000 



As Sold in Bottles. 

 Total Count Gas in 



1,030,000 .000001 c. c. 

 396,000 .00001 c. c. 

 1,000,000 .001 c. c. 



5,100,000 .000001 c. c. 



As Sold in Bulk. 



15,400,000 .0061 c. c. 



10,100,000 .000001 c. c. 

 500,000 o 



3,200,000 o 



120,000 o 



In these cases the increase in bacteria present is practically 

 all due to the use of unclean utensils. 



Certain bacteria are known to produce gas in their pro- 

 cesses of living. Such bacteria are usually found in manure and 

 other fecal matter, so that their presence in milk would usually 

 show contamination from some such source. The figures rep- 

 resent- the smallest portion of a cubic centimeter which it was 

 necessary to examine in order to find such bacteria. Of course, 

 the smaller the amount necessary to examine, the more the con- 

 tamination. Zero represents no gas producing organisms found 

 in any amount. 



