FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL CONVENTION 65 



This slide shows the effect of improper pasteurization. Pas- 

 teurization is the name given to the process of heating milk to 

 a given temperature and holding there for a certain length of 

 time, thereby killing off most of the bacteria, particularly the 

 disease producing bacteria since they are most easily killed by 

 heat. All milk which comes from uncertain sources should be 

 pasteurized before it is used. However, some steps should be 

 taken to control the process, since if the work is not properly 

 done the milk may come to the people in a worse condition. 



Slide — Improper Pasteurization. 



As Received. After Pasteurization. 



Total Count. Gas in. Total Count. Gas in. 



2,600 o 450,000 .00001 c. c. 



17,000 o 440,000 .00001 c. c. 



260,000 .01 c. c. 



360,000 .01 c. c. 



In this case the causes of the increased count were found 

 to be : 1st, too low temperature of pasteurization; 2nd, too short 

 a time ; 3rd, the use of water from a contaminated well for wash- 

 ing the apparatus. 



Slide — ''Pasteurization, to be effective, must be controlled.'' 



Bacteria (per c. c.) in bottled 700,000 



360,000 ' 

 250,000 

 So-called ''Pasteurized" Milk :.... 280,000 



Bacteria (per c. c.) in various stages of pasteurization in 

 same plant while under State Inspector's supervision : — 



Raw Milk 1,800,000 



Pasteurizer 21,000 



Cooler 24,600 



Bottler 27,300 



