THIRTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL CONVENTION 185 



Arguments of this kind, as well as advertisements reading, 

 "When can is full, ship," sent out by some cream buyers, have 

 had their effect in lowering the quality. Poor cream and butter 

 are usually traceable to either unclean separators, improper places 

 for keeping the cream, or holding the cream too long before de- 

 livery. Since these causes are wholly within the control of the 

 cream producers and the latter directly profit by producing a 

 good article, it seems proper to look to them for improvement. 



Economy and Possibility in the Use of the Separator. 



From the producer's standpoint no one will dispute the econ- 

 omy in the use of the hand separator, and there is a strong pos- 

 sibility of manufacturing's good if not a better grade of butter 

 from farm separated cream than from milk hauled to the cream- 

 ery. However, in order to accomplish this, the user of machines 

 must remember the two essential factors of quality, namely 

 "Cleanliness and low temperatures." These factors are as im- 

 portant in cream as in milk production and with a little effort 

 are easily available on all farms within the reach of cream pro- 

 ducers. 



The Separator. 



One of the usual causes for a poor grade of cream is negli- 

 gence in washing the separator. Too many producers wash their 

 machines but once a day ; and some but once in two days ; the re- 

 sult is, especially during hot weather, a poor grade of cream. 

 The bowl as well as all tinware should be washed every time it 

 is used, and once a day preferably in water containing a little 

 sal soda or washing powder. Soap should never be used in wash- 

 ing milk utensils because it will taint the milk. If possible the 

 bowl and all tinware should be scalded in hot water at least once 

 a day, and immediately put in the sun, or on a stove to dry. This 

 prevents rusting. Rusting renders the bowl and milk utensils 

 much more difficult to wash and to keep clean. The bowl, if 

 washed after each using, will cleanse easily, in less time, skim 

 more thoroughly, give a more uniform cream, and last longer. 



