THIRTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL CONVENTION 297 



but by making a substantial drain, trouble may be avoided later. 

 The large drain leading out of the building should connect with 

 a catch basin a short distance from the building. This basin 

 should be round, about three feet in diameter, and from five to 

 seven ft. deep ; depending on the slope of the ground. It may be 

 built from concrete or brick, whichever happens to be the most 

 convenient. The object of this catch basin is to catch all the 

 heavy materials, such as sand, nails, etc., and the bottom of the 

 basin should be from 2 to 4 ft. lower than the tile that carries 

 the drainage away from it. This catch basin may be covered 

 with plank and about a foot of dirt. This will prevent any smell 

 or odors from escaping. It is advisable to inspect it once or twice 

 during the year in order to know that it is in good working 

 order. If it is found to be filled up to any extent, it should be 

 cleaned, which is only a few minutes' work. 



A 6 in. tile will usually be found to be large enough to 

 carry the drainage from the catch basin. The size of pipe need- 

 ed depends somewhat on the fall and the distance that the sew- 

 erage must be carried. If the sewer extends a considerable dis- 

 tance it should be laid about 5 ft. into the ground, and it is 

 always best to cement all the joints in order to exclude dirt, and 

 prevent roots from entering the sewer pipe, as these may clog 

 it in time and cause serious trouble. 



The outlet of the drain should be protected in some way to 

 keep small animals from entering the sewer and obstructing it. 

 This will of course not be necessary where the sewerage is run 

 into a cess pool, or septic tank. 



All drains in the building should be provided with bell 

 traps, and such traps should be large, not less than 12 in. square, 

 in the work room, and when in place they should be from one 

 to two inches below the level of the floor. The common way is 

 to lay the traps even with the floor, and when the floor later 

 on wears away, the trap will be higher than the floor and con- 

 sequently will not give proper drainage. 



A small open gutter can be made between the two drain out- 

 lets in the main work room. This gutter should be 3 J^ inches 

 wide at the top, and taper clown to about 3 inches at the bottom. 



