ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN's ASSOCIATION. 39 



occurSj is superficial. The milk is conducted from the funnel through 

 a pipe into a reservoir. An employe puts the cans, one after another, 

 into a box or vat (of a capacity of thirty to forty gallons) containing 

 hot water, scrubs them some with a brush, then holds them over a 

 pipe and lets into them for a moment a jet of steam. This is the 

 cleaning the cans receive. This water generally serves to wash forty 

 to one hundred or more cans. 



The milk being taken in, the employes proceed with the work 

 of making from it butter or cheese, or both, as the proprietor of the 

 factory (whose only interest in the milk, is the fixed sum of money 

 which he charges for making, fitting for market and marketing, the 

 butter and cheese produced therefrom) shall direct. 



In from ten to fifty days thereafter the proprietor puts the pro- 

 duct in the market — sells it on the board of trade at Elgin, or sends 

 it to a commission house in some city to be sold, as his own conveni- 

 ence or interest dictates. Generally, upon the expiration of two 

 months he announces to his patrons a dividend — and, without any 

 explanatory statement, he simply gives each a check for a sum of 

 money. 



The prices agreed to be charged for making, boxing and market- 

 ing the cheese vary some — ranging generally from two to two and 

 one-half cents per pound, and for butter generally it is five cents per 

 pound. The proprietor of the factory keeps the accounts and figures 

 the dividends. The patrons seldom keep an accurate account of the 

 milk deUvered. They do not know the aggregate quantity of milk 

 delivered to the factory each month ; neither do they know the 

 aggregate amount of butter or cheese or both made, nor to whom or 

 when or for what price the proprietor of the factory sold the pro" 

 ducts. 



Concerning all of these important matters the dairyman is gen- 

 erally not only ignorant, but is unable easily to ascertain the facts. 

 It is difiicult for him to obtain the data by which he could determine 

 whether the products were in quality or quantity sufficient, the price 

 obtained the market value, and the amount retained only the charges 

 agreed upon. 



The proprietor's interest is promoted by obtaining all the milk 

 for his factory which, with his facilities, he is able to handle ; hence, 



