64 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN's ASSOCIATION. 



would fill up the tile. If you run under a hedge you* 

 would have to take up the tile every few months. 



ScoFiELD : Would tile laid three feet below the sur- 

 face be protected from frost ? 



Patten : Yes, he thought so, but no water should be 

 allowed to stand . in the tile. The better way was to lay it 

 lower than three feet. He had found by experience that 

 drained land was profitable — he knew it was. He had tried 

 some very poor looking lands. H^e had had a pond of about 

 two acres in area from which he had raised, after draining, 

 seventy-five bushels of corn to the acre. His soil was the 

 loose, porous soil, but thought that as good results could 

 be had in all soils. One error was, we had too small tiles. 

 His tile was round and large. Some of his neighbors had 

 used tile sixteen inches. He had tried to get tile laid solid, 

 and that was a great point. One advantage of round tile 

 was, you could lay il evenly and well. Never to get an 

 experienced drainer to do your work. He had been fooled 

 that way once. He had got a man to lay the tile for so 

 much per rod, and found that he was more particular about 

 the rods than the tile. They should be left level ; that was 

 the great point. He could give no rule about size of tile, 

 because there was a great difference in soil. He had run 

 some ditches in peat bog and did not succeed ; below the 

 peat was a quicksand. He believed in some places you 

 could run ditches shallow. In his part of the country they 

 set their tiling deep. After the rain in the spring you 

 would see that the first dry land was over your ditches. 

 In covering joints of tile he would get clay soil. He had 

 laid tile when they filled as he went along, but the first 

 heavy rain after they were laid cleaned them out. In mak- 

 ing his ditch he used what was called a " goose-neck." In 



