50 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



stagnant pools if no other was at hand; his wind- mill was 

 the best investment on his farm; had used it seven years. 



E. H. Sewaed said the first thing to be looked at was its 

 location. Buildings should be located as near the center of 

 fa,rm as possible, so as to save cartage; should embrace both 

 high and low land; pastures should contain both. Water 

 was very essential, but not running water; artificial means 

 completely controlled the water question; running streams 

 spoiled sufficient land to buy many mills. 



Thos. Bishop thought good pastures were among the essen- 

 tials of a dairy farm; new were better than old; preferred 

 rolling land, not too wet or too dry; upland stood more 

 drought. 



Geo. E. Brown, importer of Holstein cattle, was now called 

 upon to give his experience as to dairy stock, under Topic 

 No. 5. 



He said there were many good breeds for the dairy; no one 

 breed possessed all the merits requisite for a good dairy. 

 Perhaps no breed possessed so many good qualities as the 

 Holstein; they were large cattle, of kind disposition, and 

 well adapted to our climate. They were probably the purest 

 bred cattle in the world. They were bred without forcing; 

 were fed on grass wholly during the grass season in their 

 native country; very little grain is fed, even in winter; in 

 some instances fed oil cake; two quarts, or pounds, was a 

 good feed per head. In Holland, bulls for service are selected 

 by a committee. They are a first-class butter cow; the butter 

 is good flavor and firm; does not raise cream as quick as 

 Jersey milk. The milk possessed wonderful keeping quali- 

 ties; the skimmed milk was as good as some cows' before 

 skimming; nineteen pounds of milk had made one pound of 

 butter. The breed originated in the duchy of Holstein, at a 

 very early date. 



E. H. Seward thought they were nearly akin to the Dur- 

 ham s as well as Ayrshires. 



Mr. Brown thought the Durham s took some of their good 

 qualities from the Holsteins. Tkey became famous as milkers 



