ILLINOIS DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



235 



Breed the cows to calve in the early fall, and make the most 

 milk and butter at the season when conditions are favorable for 

 making and prices are high, and there is more time to care for the 

 cows, the milk and butter. 



Don't breed to a scrub sire. The best one available is none 

 too good. 



Raise the calves by hand and substitute vegetable fat in the 

 form of ground flaxseed jelly, and later corn meal, etc., in connec- 

 tion with skim milk, for the butter fat in the whole milk. 



Know what cow is not earning her feed and dispose of her. 



Brush with a brush or wipe with a damp cloth the udder and 

 flank before milking. Twenty to 90 times as much dirt falls in 

 the milk from the unbrushed, unwashed udder as from the wash- 

 ed one.* 



Milk with dry hands. 



Don't allow the milk to stand in the barn. 



Don't use a so-called dilution separator ; set a can of milk in- 

 to cold water, but don't mix water and milk. An eighth to a 

 third of the butter fat is often lost by diluting the milk with 

 water.** 



Don't mix sweet and sour cream less than 12 hours before 

 churning. 



Own and use a diary thermometer — cost 25 to 50 cents — it 

 will save many times its cost, if it is used and the cream is chrun- 

 ed at the right temperature. They may be had from any diary 

 supply house and very often from the local druggist. They should 

 be all glass. The cheaper ones are not always accurate and 

 should therefore be compared with a reliable one. 



Salt by weight and measure — not by guess. 



Wash the butter milk out. 



Don't overwork the butter; it injures the texture. 



Have a butter worker ; it saves labor and helps quality. 



*Illinois Bulletin No. 84. 



**Cornell Xew York Bulletin No. 151 



