110 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



of the field receives the coarse part of the manure largely 

 deprived of its yal liable coustituems. A better method is to 

 broadcast the manure, especially on level fields where there 

 is no danger of washing-. In all instances it is highly advis- 

 able to plow in as soon as possible, xis a general rule it is 

 more scientific to appl}^ small amounts of manure frequently 

 than to apply large amount at long intervals. 



But to get the best effects from any kind of manure, 

 good tillage and a judicious rotation of crops is essential. 

 This may be explained from the fact that while some crops 

 feed near the surface, others draw their nourishment from the 

 depths of the soil. Some plants search for one chemical in- 

 gredient and some for another. Therefore, a good rotation 

 is as much needed to preserve the even fertility of the soil 

 as to keep it mellow and free from weeds. 



For reason neeedless to state, manures do not operate 

 on lands that are continually wet, and do better on lands 

 already having a good proportion of fertility than on more 

 barren soils. This should teach us to feed our lands before 

 they are hungry, and again we see the theory of the "Ounce of 

 prevention," verified and the economy of keeeping up the 

 original fertility of the land made apparent to every think- 

 ing farmer, as this can be much more easily and economically 

 done than to restore it after it has once passed away. 



W. U. Hostetter was called upon to read his paper, on 

 "Milk Cooling," which took the first prize offered by the 

 Champion Cooler Company, of Cortland, New York, said prize 

 having been awarded by the judge, Mr,. H. B. Gurler. 



Mr. A. G. Judd was awarded the second prize offered by 

 the same parties on the same subject. 



MILK COOLING AND AERATING. 



W. R. HOSTETTER, MT. CARROLL, ILL. 



The objects in cooling and aerating milk are in brief to 

 make it more healthful and palatable as a food, or to increase 

 the healthfulness and market value of products into which it 

 is manufactured. 



