i 9 9 



only bound together, they simply set up against each other, 

 they are separate bones bound at the top with a cross bone 

 which is different from the human. Now, if you take a stick 

 and strike the horn it will spring one-half of the head away from 

 the other. You can't strike the horn- without the tendency be- 

 ing to separate the two bones at the suture. It is held on only 

 by the cross-bone and the ligaments that bind it. If you spring 

 it the width of a pen-knife you have made all these little liga- 

 ments bleed, you have got blood on the brain, you have even 

 made the brain itself bleed, and a drop of blood on the brain 

 produces congestion of the brain; hence, when struck on the 

 horn I have known the animal to lie down and die. 



Cutting the horn is another thing and in the view of prevent- 

 ing damage to the animal it is a kindness to take it off, then 

 they are not subject to the terrible suffering incident to break- 

 age of the horns. 



It was the consideration of these things that led me to con- 

 sider the suggestion of removing them, besides the danger, the 

 horrible casualties added to these. I said, " The horns must 

 go," and 250,000 head of cattle have dropped their horns in the 

 last 60 days through my efforts in the northwest. I say that it 

 is a saving to your dairy cows that run outside, of one quarter. (Of 

 the dairy cows in stanchions I have nothing to say.) If you are 

 feeding cattle it is a saving to you of ten per cent. It is a sav- 

 ing of over two hundred human lives each year. It is a saving 

 of more than half of the shed room. It is a saving of one-half 

 of the manure of the cattle that are running out. 



Now, we are told there is a pith in* the horn. There is no 

 such thing. The horn is composed of three things; the bone 

 horn, the shell horn, and the periostium. The periostium is a 

 thin membrane in between those two, and in dehorning we 

 simply remove that membrane, but there is also another thing 

 about the make up of the horn, and that is the matrix of the 

 base, and the horn must be cut just at the right place or the 

 animal will perhaps bleed to death. The matrix is right at the 

 base where the shell and the bone horn join, and if you cut it 



