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about fourteen pounds to the bushel and is always surrounded 

 by chaff. There is a great deal in the markets that is not good ; 

 the seed is very imperfect, and if you fail in making a stand with 

 orchard grass, it is very likely that the failure may be because of 

 the seed that you secure. We sow at the rate of two bushels 

 per acre. I think it is better to sow in the spring. We sow 

 about two bushels of the orchard grass to the acre with about 

 eight or ten pounds of clover. Clover and orchard grass, espe- 

 cially what we call our mammoth clover, make a very good hay 

 if it is watched and cut at the right time. If allowed to stand a 

 little too long the orchard grass deteriorates. 



Another grass that we think very highly of, and one which 

 in many respects stands among our best grasses is the rye grass. 

 It has been cultivated for a long time in England, and is one of 

 the most valuable species that is raised there. It has been 

 separated into many different varieties from having been culti- 

 vated so long, as all of our cultivated plants do. We have 

 therefore a great many kinds of ryegrass, "Dixon's" rye grass, 

 "Pacey's" rye grass, and quite a large number of others which 

 are simply varieties of the one species of grass. This grass has 

 many good qualities. It grows readily from seed, and it has a 

 comparatively large seed. It is because the seed is something 

 like rye that it is called "Rye" grass. You know very well 

 that the vigor with which a plant starts, depends very much 

 upon the size of the seed. This grass seems to be especially 

 adapted for pastures and makes also good hay. It stands high 

 in nutritive value and the stock seem to relish it very much. I 

 may say the same for orchard grass. 



Although called a. perennial, it will not live more than two or 

 three years, as a rule, unless there is a good deal of it goes to 

 seed. We sow about two bushels of seed to the acre. The 

 spring sowing, I think, is better adapted for this, and probably 

 this is especially true in a grass that approaches an annual. 

 Spring seeding is a little better for most annual plants, and in fact, 

 other things being equal, it does seem to me that the spring is 

 the best time to sow seed of any kind. The same holds true of 



