2 5 8 



until it is four weeks old, and it should not be given whey until 

 it begins to eat grass and oats freely. 



The animal until it attains its growth requires different food 

 from what is necessary during the fattening stage. It should 

 have food rich in nitrogen as well as in starch, and in the feed- 

 ing of cows for milk food rich in albumen is as necessary as 

 food rich in fat formers. 



A full ration for a working horse or a cow in full flow of 

 milk may be stated to be, daily, % pounds of grain, i y 2 pounds 

 of hay and for each ioo pounds of live weight. Thus a cow weigh- 

 ing 1,000 pounds should receive a daily ration of 30 pounds of dry 

 food. For fattening, the grain ration may consist chiefly of indian 

 corn, but for labor or milk the ration should be largely of oats, bar- 

 ley or a mixture of the cereal grains. Mixed grasses form a perfect 

 food, so do a mixture of well cured hay and the cereal grains. 



The animal to add 100 to its muscular substance, in addition 

 to that consumed in daily waste, must assimilate 77 pounds of 

 water, 22 pounds of fibrin, with a little fat, ^3 pound of phos- 

 phate of lime and y^ pound of saline matter. To add 100 

 pounds of bone it must assimilate 35 pounds of gelatine, 55 pounds 

 of phosphate of lime, 4 pounds of carbonate of lime, 3 pounds of 

 phosphate of magnesia, and 3 pounds of soda, potash and com- 

 mon salt. 



We therefore must supply to the animal ecomy mixed foods 

 to give : 



1. Starch and sugar as carbon, which is given off in respira- 

 tion. 



2. Fat or fatty oil to furnish the adipose matter necessary 

 to all animals. 



3. The gluten or fibrin to renew the constant waste of the 

 muscle and cartilage. 



4. The phosphates to renew the natural waste of the bones. 



5. The saline substances — sulphates and chlorides — to pro- 

 vide for the daily evacuations passed off by the secretions. 



