ILLINOIS STATE ^DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 283 



Can a parent or patron find any work more important or 

 more blessed than this? Is it not worthy of thought and time? 

 No study is so useful in the formation of character as reading. 

 In books children see great and noble deeds being done by be- 

 ings like themselves, and they cannot resist the desire to do like 

 deeds. This cultivates the will, forms character, makes men. 



Music, "I Fear No Foe" -J. G. Lumbard. 



CREAM SEPARATORS. 



By D. T. Sharpless, Philadelphia, Pa.: 



Mr. President^ Ladies and Gentlemen of the Association: 

 The history of the centrifugal process of skimming milk has 

 been written by abler pens than mine, but at the request of your 

 president I have jotted down a few points in regard to the be- 

 ginning of this process of skimming, and further shall endeavor 

 to give some good reasons why no creamery man handling 

 whole milk can afford to use any system of setting and skim- 

 ming by hand, and right here let me say that in my opinion the 

 whole milk system is the only true system for creameries in 

 close competition to pursue. About fifteen years ago the first 

 experiments were made in Germany to determine if it were 

 possible to separate cream from milk by the centrifugal process. 

 It is a well known fact that the specific gravity of milk is slight- 

 ly greater than that of cream, and it is also well known that it 

 is this difference in specific gravity that causes cream to rise 

 on milk when set. in any ordinary way. By the centrifugal 

 process this difference is increased a thousand-fold, and the 

 cream rises just that much quicker. 



The first device for this experiment was two vessels sus- 

 pended on either end of an arm that was made to revolve longi- 

 tudinally at a high rate of speed. The milk was placed in these 

 two vessels and the machine set in motion until the proper 

 speed was attained, when it was allowed to stop gradually and 

 the separation was found to be complete. 



