ILLINOIS DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 63 



The use of tobacco in and around the creamery should be for- 

 bidden and no buttermaker, chewing tobacco, should be allowed 

 to be near while the butter is being worked and printed, and it 

 is his duty to see that no other person be smoking or, in other 

 ways, bring in strong and disagreeable odors that may be easily 

 absorbed by the butter. Other and seemingly smaller things he 

 must also take into consideration. He should keep his hair 

 combed and brushed so that loose hairs and dust that might 

 gather in it, will not drop into the cream or on the butter while 

 working around it. His finger-nails should be kept clean and 

 clipped short, and shirt sleeves or other bacteria-infected articles 

 should not hang out over the hands or be allowed to dip into the 

 cream nor touch the butter. Cleanliness is one of the funda- 

 mental and underlying principles of dairying and too much stress 

 can never be laid upon it nor can it be overdone. 

 Knowledge Required. 



These and many other thing can be requested of a creamery 

 operator and for them he can be held responsible. But they are 

 other and more important duties and requirements demanded of 

 him, and rightly so. There is expected of him what might 

 simply but clearly be expressed in the term knowledge; and he 

 is not expected to have knowledge of a single thing as a good 

 many people think, that of putting the cream into the churn, let 

 it turn until the butter comes, then draw off the buttermilk, mix 

 a little salt in and squeeze out as much buttermilk as possible. 

 Such was the idea of buttermaking a great many people impressed 

 upon me, and they thought it was all the buttermaker needed to 

 know. Of course, it is necessary that he understand the mechan- 

 ical process of buttermaking, only a little more thoroughly than 

 expressed above. 



But there are other and more important things to know. 

 Foremost among them is his thorough familiarity with, and his 

 full appreciation of the uses and abuses of the Babcock test and 

 the scales. For upon it depends the justice to the patron and 

 the success of the creamery concern, to some extent. Simple and 



