ILLINOIS DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 123 



Q : — You don't raise calves ? 



A : — No sir, but I intended to when I get the standard of 

 my cows high enough to make it worth while. 



By the President : — We will have to close this portion of the 

 program. 



DISEASES OF COWS AND HOW TO TREAT THEM. 

 By Dr. D. Mcintosh, University of Illinois. 



Gentlemen : 



I have been asked to come here to talk on the diseases of 

 the cow, but they are so many that it would take several weeks 

 to tell you about them all. 



This afternoon I will talk for a short time on the udder of 

 the cow, because I think the derangement of that organ is more 

 troublesome than other diseases we have. In order to be able 

 to treat this organ, I will give you the outline of it. 



The udder of the cow is divided into two parts, and these 

 again are sub-divided into four compartments, and these com- 

 partments, four in number, are thoroughly separated from each 

 other, so that one quarter may be diseased, while the other three- 

 fourths may be clean and perfectly healthy. 



The sections of the udder are made up of glandular material, 

 and this glandular material is filled with cells. These cells are 

 lined with material known as secreting tissues. It is not nec- 

 essary to go into this here as it is not of much importance, and 

 some of it is not very well known, but the material secreted from 

 the blood by these cells and these vessels is converted in some 

 way, not very well understood, into milk. From these cells 

 small tubes carry the milk to the part of the udder known as 

 the cistern above the teats. These tubes are very small and very 

 numerous, but they unite with one another and form larger 

 tubes before thev reach the cistern. 



