46 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



clean, wholesome milk for the ninety million people of this 

 country has the attention of the physician, the chemist, the bac- 

 teriologist, the veterinarian, the dairyman and the sanitarian. The 

 entire civilized world is participating in the fight against un- 

 necessary insanitary conditions, unnecessary sickness and un- 

 necessary and shameful loss of life resulting from insanitary 

 conditions. I want to call your attention to these unnecessary 

 insanitary conditions as they apply to impure milk. It is one 

 that must be considered carefully for the financial investment 

 in this milk industry is one that h enormous, yet little appreci- 

 ated. According to the last census there was shown to be six- 

 teen million cows in this industry with a given value of five 

 hundred million dollars. The products from the same in butter, 

 milk and cheese equivalent to another five hundred million, or 

 one billion dollars for the cattle and their products, and it was 

 estimated that the land, buildings and equipment represented 

 in this industry was several billion, and it is expected that the 

 new census about to be taken will show an investment of about 

 ten billion dollars in this industry alone. So you can readily 

 see that any unwise changes or unuesessary changes are to dis- 

 turb enormous values, and if unwisely done might cause enor- 

 mous unnecessary loss. But the necessary changes for the prop- 

 er sanitation in this industry can be brought about with but little 

 unnecessary expenditure, and as these changes have been dis- 

 cussed for a decade by the most competent men in the Federal 

 Department (whom I am going to quote from time to time in 

 this paper) and the State Department before making recom- 

 mendations, you are assured that those changes which they have 

 in the last decade recommended are those which have been acted 

 upon only after the most careful consideration of the subject 

 from all angles. Observe a few simple rules and regulations for 

 the handling of milk and a little extra labor and added expense. 

 General conditions being the same, the community having the 

 best milk has by far the lowest death rate. One city in our com- 

 munity reduced the death rate of children, from all causes, from 

 thirty-three to fifteen per cent, the diminuation beginning im- 

 mediately upon the improvement of the milk supply. The city 



