36 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION 



there is more danger of a lack of calcium than there is of 

 phosphorus. This is because the protein-rich feeds most 

 common in Wisconsin are also rich in phosphorus. This 

 includes wheat bran in particular and also wheat middlings, 

 cottonseed meal, and linseed meal. Gluten feed, germ oil 

 meal (corn germ meal), or brewer's grains and distillers' 

 grains are not especially high in phosphorus. 



When 20 per cent or more of the concentrate mixture 

 or grain mixture consists of wheat bran, wheat middlings, 

 linseed meal, or cottonseed meal, the cows will get plenty of 

 phosphorus. If less of these high-phosphorus feeds are fed, 

 it is best to supply additional phosphorus by adding bone 

 meal, ground rock phosphate, or acid phosphate, as stated 

 later. 



Calcium is Important. 



A large production of milk and thrifty calves are an 

 impossibility if there is a lack of calcium in the ration. The 

 best way of furnishing plenty of lime is to grow and feed an 

 abundance of alfalfa, clover, or soybean hay whenever it is 

 possible. All legume hays are rich in lime. Furthermore, 

 well-cured, green-colored legume hay contains & vitamine 

 which animals need to enable them to assimilate and use the 

 calcium in their feed. 



If poor roughage must be used, such as hay from the 

 grasses (not legumes) corn stover grown on acid soil, or 

 straw, add 3 to 4 lbs. of ground limestone, wood ashes, or 

 dried marl to each 100 lbs. of the concentrate or grain 

 mixture. Non-dolomitic (non-magnesian) limestone may 

 be preferable to dolomitic limestone. This point has not 

 been yet settled by actual experiments. 



If there is not 20 per cent of high-phosphorus feeds in 

 the concentrate mixture (wheat bran, wheat middlings, lin- 

 seed meal, and cottonseed meal), it is best to use 3 to 4 lbs. 

 of steamed bone meal, ground rock phosphate, or acid 

 phosphate with each 100 lbs. of the concentrate mixture, 

 instead of using the limestone, wood ashes, or marl. Bone 

 meal and the phosphates supply both calcium and phos- 

 phorus, while limestone, wood ashes and marl furnish lime, 

 but practically no phosphorus. 



If plenty of alfalfa, clover, soybean or other legume 



