138 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION 



elude a sufficient allowance of nutritious roughage, such as 

 clover, alfalfa, cowpea hay, and to reduce the concentrate 

 ingredients, such as corn meal, cottonseed meal, linseed 

 meal, gluten, and middlings. Clean drinking water should 

 be accessible at all times and should be slightly warmed in 

 cold weather. A moderate amount of bodily exercise is 

 beneficial provided it is taken voluntarily by the cow. Com- 

 pulsory exercise may be positively detrimental as well as 

 painful to the animal. 



Induration, or Hardening of the Udder. 



Probably the most common of the results of mammitis, 

 or inflammation, in induration, or hardening of the udder. 

 This condition is due to structural changes in the udder 

 tissue. During mammitis the secreting portion of the udder 

 is in a diseased and wasting condition and the inflammation 

 present appears to establish an increase of the connective- 

 tissue cells which go to make up the supporting framework 

 of the organ. The result is likely to be a large, ill-shaped 

 and pendulous udder. In a well-established case of indura- 

 tion the milk secretion is usually very greatly diminished 

 for that period. Sometimes the secretory function is per- 

 manently lost, or decreased to such extent that the animal 

 no longer will be profitable in a dairy herd. 



Treatment — Treatment consists mainly in prolonging 

 hot bathing of the udder twice daily after milking, accom- 

 panied by gentle rubbing of the parts affected. After dry- 

 ing the udder thoroughly, apply an ointment composed of 

 lanolin or lard into which has been incorporated 2 per cent 

 of iodin. 



A rich diet, or one likely to stimulate milk secretion, 

 should be avoided until inflammation has subsided, after 

 which time the animal should be brought by degrees to a 

 full, milk-producing ration. Maintain throughout a rather 

 laxative condition of the bowels by an occasional dose of 

 Epsom salt (about 1 pound). 



Abscess of the Udder. 



Abscess is also one of the possible results of infectious 

 mammitis, and is due to infection of the organ by pus-pro- 

 ducing germs. The abscess may work toward the surface 



