FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL CONVENTION 87 



reiripts to make scientific applications to dairying were the de- 

 velopment of the silo for a specialized dairy feed, which came 

 about in Maryland in 1876, 40 years ago; the development of 

 pasteurization of milk and of cream for buttermaking, the first 

 records of which are not more than 25 years old ; and the use of 

 starters in buttermaking which has been practiced for onlyj 

 about 25 years. So far as this part of the industry is concerned 

 you have seen and followed these applications made to dairy 

 manufactures from the very beginning and in the light of what 

 has happened during these 25 years who would dare to predict 

 the future of dairying in Illinois for the next 25 years or even 

 for the next 10 years. 



The dairy industry in our own state dates back to about 

 1835 with the coming of the first white settlers. Dairying then 

 consisted only in the keeping of a cow for the milk, cream and 

 butter she might produce for the family. 



It is interesting to note that back in those days, Wood a 

 historian, writes that butter sold for 12^ cents a pound in sum- 

 mer and 25 cents a pound in winter. So then as now there ex- 

 isted the wide variations in summer and winter prices. 



Naturally, as soon as more cows than enough to supply home 

 demands w^ere kept, one of the first forms of commercializing 

 the industry was that of selling whole milk. This branch of 

 the industry may be said to have begun in 1852 when P. H;!? 

 Smith of Elgin took one 8-gallon can of milk to the Northwest- 

 ern station and shipped it to the one city hotel in Chicago. From 

 that time until now the industry has grown until we could not 

 measure the calamity that would result if the supply of 18,000^ 

 such cans were shut off from the city of Chicago for a single 

 day. Our last census report shows that half the milk produce^ 

 IS now sold in that form for direct consumption. 



In 1877 the Chicago Journal published the following article 

 which not only shows the development of the city milk supply 

 business, but also gives the public view of the business at that 

 time. 



"The item of milk for daily consumption in a city like 

 Chicago is something enormous. This supply must come from 



