I I 2 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



the milk veins and the milk wells and you have got the dairy cow. These 

 the the only safe and sure signs 1 o go by. The only things you will find 

 that holds true in all the parts^ — the udder, the milk wells, and veins. You 

 have got to have the other things to get these. 



Some men will advocate a cow must have a light thigh. It i& a good 

 milker, but the large uddex has got to have the light thigh. They will 

 also say, a cow must have good width at top of hind quarter. If, she has 

 a large udder she will have the width. Get the udder, the othex things 

 will come. 



I used to be quite a crank on the body, but I don't believe so much in 

 that now as I did. By close observation I find' that many good cows 

 have large bodies); many good cows have not. Must have capacity to 

 condense and digest food. I noticed' in many of our cows down here at 

 the Experiment Station at Champaign have not got large bodies. Two 

 cows in particular, both bred at Coolldge's farm, one cow has a very 

 large body, the other cow not nea riy so large, and the lightest bodied cow 

 is the best milker. So you see this is sometimes true and som>etimes' not. 



Then again you will say, "What are you going to do for the should- 

 ers ?" In many high class dairy cowsi and the best dairy cows have point- 

 ed shoulders. Then again I have seen good cows with broad shoulders. 

 Many cows with pointed shoulders are not good milkers. To say that the 

 g-ood dairy cow must have pointed shoulders would exclude a great many 

 good cows and take in a good many poor cows. On the dairy shoulder, a 

 great many men are stumbling today. They are 'breeding these thin 

 shoulders and losing constitution by it. If you have the pointed shoulder, 

 you must get the width. The dairy cow must have constitution and she 

 gets constitution by depth and width. 



Two cows at the Experiment Station had both very narrow and point- 

 ed shoulders and contracted all the way through and fwe had to kill on© of 

 them. She was going down h^l every day and had consolidated lungs 

 and was very delicate; no constitution. In going into pointed shoulders, 

 see that jou get width below. 



About the neck, have a thin long neck. But in short thick necks you 



