72 Geological Society: — 



the opinions that have been put forward as to the origin, of the 

 pebbles forming this bed. Nearly 40 species of Brachiopoda have 

 been obtained from them. The fossils contained in the pebbles 

 have been regarded as of Lower-Silurian age ; the author considered 

 the great majority of the Brachiopoda to be Devonian. The 

 species identified with Silurian fossils are: — Lingula Lesueuri 

 (Rouault), L. Rouaulti (Salter), and L. Hawhei (Rouault). The species 

 regarded by the author as undoubtedly Devonian (?. e. either pre- 

 viously described from Devonian deposits or associated with such 

 species in the same pebble) are 12 in number, namely : — Spirifer 

 Vemeuilii (Murch.), S. macroptera (Goldf.), Athyris budleighensis 

 (sp. n.), Atrypa (reticularis?), Rhynchonella inaurita (Sandb.), R. el- 

 liptica (Schnurr), R. Vicar yi (sp. n.), and 2 undetermined species 

 of Rhynchonella, Streptorhynchus crenistria (Phil.), Productus Vi- 

 caryi (Salt.), and an undetermined Chonetes. Eight species occur- 

 ring in the same rock, three of which have been doubtfully identified, 

 are considered by the author to be probably Devonian. The species 

 supposed to be determined are: — Orthis redux (Barr.) and 0. Ber- 

 thosi (Bouault), Silurian; and Spirifer octoplicatus (Sow.), Devo- 

 nian and Carboniferous, but possibly identical with the Silurian 

 S. elevatus (Dalm.) . The others are 2 new species of Orthis, and a new 

 Rhynchonella (?), and an undetermined species of Terebratula (?) and 

 Btrophomena (?). Finally the author noticed 14 species (all new, ex- 

 cept Orthis pulvinata, Salt.) only known from these pebbles, but 

 which were stated to possess a Devonian facies. 



2. " On the relation of the Boulder-clay without Chalk of the 

 North of England to the Great Chalky Boulder-clay of the South." 

 By Searles V. Wood, Jun., Esq., F.G.S. 



The author described the Yorkshire glacial clays as of two kindsi — 

 the lower, containing chalk debris, and belonging to the uppermost 

 member of the glacial series in Eastern and East-central England ; 

 the upper, containing chalk sparingly in its lower part, and gradually 

 losing this upwards. On the coast only the latter occurs north of 

 Flambro'. He stated that, palaBontologically, the Lower and Middle 

 glacial deposits closely agree with the Crag, and are quite distinct 

 from the deposit at Bridlington, which he placed immediately above 

 the " Great Chalky Clay." 



The absence of chalk debris in the deposit north of Flambro' has 

 been regarded as evidence of a drift from north to south ; but the 

 author stated that the purple clay without chalk extends over much 

 of the north-eastern part of the "Wolds, from the sea-level to an ele- 

 vation of 450 feet, and that outliers of it occur at intervals along 

 the Holderness coast-section as far as Dimlington, 42 miles south of 

 the northern limit of the Wolds. In the direction of Flambro' and 

 York the clay was said to be destitute of chalk, which would not be 

 the case had the Wolds formed a sea-shore causing a drift from the 

 north to pass either to south-east or south-west. 



The author described the characters of the Great Chalky Boulder- 

 clay in the eastern and central counties of England, and maintained 



