nativity. The speed and endurance of the Kentucky horse, and the 

 superior development of all kinds of domestic animals of the State, are 

 well known. 



Climate. — A publication will be issued from this office in which 

 records taken from the U. S. Signal Service reports show that the max- 

 imum temperature in summer is less than in States of the Northwest, 

 whilst the minimum in winter is much higher. The lowest recorded at 

 the U. S. Signal Service Stations in Kentucky during the cold months 

 of December and January just passed was — 8° at Louisville, whilst the 

 minimum reported from the Signal Offices for same months was, in Dakota, 

 — 55°; in Iowa, — 40°; in Kansas, — 22°; in Minnesota, — 44°; in Mon- 

 tana — 59°, and in Nebraska — 32°. Live stock of all kinds run through 

 the winter upon pasture, and there is seldom a day, winter or summer, 

 when a man may not perform a full day's work in the open air. More 

 than one half of this State is yet covered with virgin forests, the State 

 being only exceeded, in area of wood lands, by three States, yet it ranks 

 eighth in the value of Agricultural Products. 



No State or country is susceptible of greater Variety of Products, 

 as is well shown by the following table, compiled from the United States 

 Census reports. It will be seen that in each decade it excelled all other 

 States in the production of some one or more staple articles: 





1840. 



1850. 



i860. 



1870. 



Wheat 



First. 

 Second. 



Ninth. 



Second. 



Second 



First. 



Second. 



First. 



Eighth. 



First 



Sev'th. 



Fifth. 



Ninth. 



Fourth. 



Second. 



Fifth. 



Second. 



Third. 



Fifth. 



First. 



Ninth. 



Fourth. 



Second. 



Eighth. 

 Fifth. 



Swine 



Mules 



Third. 



Indian corn 



Second. 



Second. 



Third. 



Fourth. 



First. 



Sixth. 



Tobacco 



Flax 



First. 



Eighth. 



Fifth. 



Rye 



Hemp 



First. 



Wool . 



Twelfth. 



Value of live stock 





Eighth. 

 Third. 



Value of domestic manufactures. 



Third. 



The relative decline from the first State in the production of wheat, 

 and the second in the production of Indian corn, in 1840, to the eighth 

 and sixth in 1870, was not caused by the lessened production in Ken- 

 tucky, but to the growth of States in the Northwest, where those are the 

 principal crops grown. In Kentucky a more diversified agriculture and 

 greater variety of production is found more remunerative. 



In this brief communication a slight notice of the Mineral Re- 

 sources only is possible. Kentucky is the only State having within 

 its borders parts of the two great coal-fields. The Area of Coal is 

 over 12,700 square miles, exceeding the area of the Pennsylvania coal- 

 fields, or the entire coal area of Great Britain and Ireland. 



In addition to the numerous beds of bituminous coals of excellent 

 quality in the Eastern Coal-fleld there is the largest area of Cannel 

 Coal in America. This cannel coal is very thick, and of superior 

 quality. The present Geological Survey of the Slate has demonstrated 

 the existence of excellent coking coals in the eastern coal-field, near to 

 extensive beds of Iron Ore. 



In the Western Coal-field are twelve beds of coal of workable 

 thickness of good quality. Associated with the lower coals are several 

 beds of limonite and carbonate Iron Ores, all above drainage, and 

 situated favorably for cheap mining. One ore of good quality has an 

 extensive area, and is from three to five feet in thickness. Fire and 

 Pottery Clays are abundant in many parts of the State. 



