12 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF CEREALS. 



(11) St. Charles White. — This is quite a well-known variety in the 

 Mississippi Yalley States south of Iowa. Twenty-three persons report 

 it from seven States and Oklahoma. Three reports from southern 

 Oklahoma, northern Louisiana, and southern Alabama, come from the 

 Lower Austral zone, the other twenty from the lower part of the 

 Upper Austral, in Kansas, Missouri, Arkansas, Illinois, Tennessee, 

 and northern Alabama. St. Charles White may be regarded as an 

 Upper Austral type since two of the three yields reported from the 

 Lower Austral (Louisiana and Alabama) can hardly be regarded as 

 within the limits of successful or profitable culture. 



(12) White Gourd Seed. — This variety is also known as Gourd Seed, 

 Improved Gourd Seed, Southern Gourd Seed, Big Gourd Seed, Large 

 Gourd Seed, etc. It is essentially a southern corn, that is gener- 

 ally grown in the Gulf and lower Atlantic seaboard States. Sixty- 

 nine reports on it were received from seventeen States, including one 

 each from California, Ohio, and Florida. In the Lower Austral zone 

 White Gourd Seed succeeds in Texas, Louisiana, southern Arkansas, 

 western Tennessee, Mississipj)i, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South 

 Carolina, and ISTorth Carolina. In the Upper Austral it succeeds in 

 northern Arkansas, central and eastern Tennessee, northern Georgia 

 and South Carolina, western North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, 

 New .Jersey, and Pennsylvania. While grown much more in the 

 Lower than the Upper Austral, the best yields are reported from the 

 latter zone. There is one report from the Transition zone (Ashtabula 

 County, Ohio), where the seed, I think, nmst be planted for fodder or 

 silage. This variety seems to be adapted to successful growtli not far 

 from the boundary between the Upper and Lower Austral zones, (See 

 fig. 1, p. 11.) 



(c) SOFT CORN. 



{\^) S(fuaw. — No other Indian corn will mature seed so far north as 

 will this variety. It is reported to have been grown by the Indians, 

 particularly in the Northwest, from times antedating the settlement 

 of the country by the whites. Fifty two persons reported on it from 

 twelve States and six Canadian iirovin(;es, and all of the localities 

 except four are west of the. Mississippi liiver. In the Upper Austral 

 zone it is reported from New Mexico, Nevada, Kansas, Nebraska, 

 South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. In the Transition it 

 is reported as maturing seed in Flathead, .Missoula, and Lewis and 

 Clarke counties, Mont.; in North Dakota and the northern part of 

 South Dakota; in northwestern Minnesota and southern Michigan. 

 In the Canadian provinces it is reported to mature seed at Glencross 

 and Crund, Manitoba; in the Kettle Kiver district, British Columbia; 

 and at Danville, Quebec. Most reports from the Canadian Northwest, 

 Quebec, and Nova Scotia, however, state that it is only grown as gar- 

 den stuft", and many indicate that it is only raised for green fodder for 



