WINTER WHEAT. 15 



one in extreme northwestern Kew Mexico, and one in the southwest 

 corner of South Dakota, all in the Upper Austral, this variety is best 

 known along the line where the Upper and Lower Austral overlap, 

 apparently favoring the latter zone. It is unquestionably the best 

 known variety which seems at all suited to the higher temperatures 

 of the Lower Austral. (See fig. 2, p. 16.) 



(5) Mediterranean. — This is one of the oldest and best known varieties 

 of wheat that has been grown in the United States, having been intro- 

 duced in this country in 1836, It has a long bearded panicle and the 

 grain is amber or red in color. This wheat must not be confounded with 

 Mediterranean Hybrid or any other recently introduced variety with 

 the word Mediterranean forming part of the name. One hundred and 

 three correspondents from twenty-three States reported on it from 

 points almost entirely in the Upper Austral zone. It was reported as 

 growing quite successfully in ten counties in northern Texas and four 

 in southern Oklahoma, which are located in the Lower Austral. It 

 was also noted at one point in California and two in Montana in the 

 Upper Austral, and even reached the Transition at one locality in 

 northeastern Ohio, and one in southern ISTew York. With these excep- 

 tions all the reports come from the Upper Austral. (See fig. 2, p. 16.) 



(6) TurTcey Bed. — This variety is known under a number of names, as 

 Turkey, Turkey Eed, Turkish, etc. Fifty-six correspondents report 

 it grown in Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and 

 Oklahoma. The reports show it to be entirely restricted to the Upper 

 Austral zone except along the border of the Lower Austral in southern 

 Oklahoma. This variety is principally raised in Kansas, where it has 

 been grown for fifteen or twenty years, and is still a general favorite. 



(7) Velvet Chaff. — There are two types of wheat having this name, 

 one being grown somewhat as a spring wheat in the Northwestern 

 States, and the other as a winter variety, mainly in the Central 

 West. This report relates to the winter variety. Velvet Chaff is of 

 four kinds, irrespective of the above distinction. The panicles are 

 divided into two classes, bronze and white, and each of these into two 

 groups, bearded and beardless. A characteristic of each variety, which 

 gives it its name, is the presence of a silvery pubescence on the 

 glumes. No distinction between these four varieties is recognized in 

 considering their geographic distribution. Forty-eight correspond- 

 ents, representing fourteen States and Oklahoma, and Ontario, Canada, 

 reported on this wheat. It is restricted almost entirely to the Upper 

 Austral, except at one point in the Saginaw region of Michigan in 

 the Transition zone, and three points in southern Oklahoma in the 

 upper portion of the Lower Austral zone. One report from Moscow, 

 Idaho, really comes within the Upper Austral on account of the valley 

 conditions there. Velvet Chaff seems best known in Onio, Indiana, and 

 Illinois, and is reported to have been grown in Ohio for forty years. 



