﻿DISTRIBUTION. 
  

  

  17 
  

  

  duck 
  (Histrionicus 
  histrionicus) 
  , 
  American 
  eider 
  {Somateria 
  dresseri), 
  

   and 
  white-winged 
  scoter 
  ( 
  Oidemia 
  dec/land!). 
  But 
  the 
  individuals 
  which 
  

   breed 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  are 
  so 
  few 
  — 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  Somateria 
  dresseri 
  

   less 
  than 
  a 
  dozen 
  pairs 
  — 
  that 
  the}' 
  may 
  be 
  ignored 
  in 
  this 
  discussion. 
  

   Five 
  other 
  species 
  of 
  clucks 
  breed 
  entirely 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  

   making, 
  in 
  all, 
  29 
  species 
  that 
  remain 
  in 
  summer 
  north 
  of 
  our 
  bounda- 
  

   ries, 
  as 
  follows: 
  

  

  Species 
  that 
  Breed 
  chiefly 
  North 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  

  

  Red-breasted, 
  merganser, 
  Merganser 
  sena- 
  

   tor 
  (rare 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  United 
  States) 
  . 
  

  

  Red-legged 
  duck, 
  Anas 
  obscura 
  rubripes. 
  

  

  Scaup, 
  Aythya 
  marila 
  (rare 
  in 
  the 
  north- 
  

   ern 
  United 
  States). 
  

  

  American 
  golden-eye, 
  Clangula 
  clangula 
  

   americana 
  (rare 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  United 
  

   States). 
  

  

  Barrow 
  golden-eye, 
  Clangula 
  islandica 
  

   (rare 
  in 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountains 
  of 
  the 
  

   United 
  States). 
  

  

  Buffle-head, 
  Charitonetta 
  albeola 
  (rare 
  in 
  

   the 
  northern 
  United 
  States 
  ) 
  . 
  

  

  Old-squaw, 
  Harelda 
  hyemalis. 
  

  

  Harlequin 
  duck, 
  Histrionicus 
  histrionicus 
  

   (rare 
  in 
  the 
  mountains 
  of 
  the 
  north- 
  

   western 
  United 
  States). 
  

  

  American 
  eider, 
  Somateria 
  dresseri 
  (rare 
  

   in 
  Maine). 
  

  

  King 
  eider, 
  Somateria 
  spectabilis. 
  

  

  American 
  scoter, 
  Oidemia 
  americana. 
  

  

  White- 
  winged 
  scoter, 
  Oidemia 
  deglandi 
  

  

  (rare 
  in 
  North 
  Dakota). 
  

   Surf 
  scoter, 
  Oidemia 
  perspicitlata. 
  

   Lesser 
  snow 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  hyperborea. 
  

   Greater 
  snow 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  hyperborea 
  

  

  nivalis. 
  

   Blue 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  cxrulescens. 
  

   Ross 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  rossii. 
  

   White-fronted 
  goose, 
  Anser 
  albifrons 
  gam- 
  

  

  beli. 
  

   Hutchins 
  goose, 
  Brania 
  canadensis 
  hutch- 
  

  

  insii. 
  

   Cackling 
  goose, 
  Branta 
  canadensis 
  minima. 
  

   White-bellied 
  brant, 
  Branta 
  bernicla 
  glau- 
  

  

  cogastra. 
  

   Black 
  brant, 
  Branta 
  nigricans. 
  

   Whistling 
  swan, 
  Olor 
  columbianus. 
  

   Trumpeter 
  swan, 
  Olor 
  buccinator 
  (for- 
  

   merly 
  a 
  few 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  United 
  

  

  States). 
  

  

  Species 
  that 
  Breed 
  chiefly 
  North 
  of 
  the 
  Arctic 
  Circle, 
  with 
  the 
  Northern- 
  

   most 
  Latitude 
  at 
  which 
  the 
  Species 
  has 
  been 
  observed 
  in 
  the 
  Western 
  

   Hemisphere. 
  

  

  Old-squaw, 
  Harelda 
  hyemalis, 
  82°. 
  

  

  Steiler 
  eider, 
  Potysticta 
  stederi, 
  71°. 
  

  

  Spectacled 
  eider, 
  Arctonetta 
  fischeri, 
  71°. 
  

  

  Northern 
  eider, 
  Somateria 
  molhssima 
  bore- 
  

   alis, 
  82°. 
  

  

  Pacific 
  eider, 
  Somateria 
  v-nigra, 
  76°. 
  

  

  King 
  eider, 
  Somateria 
  spectaodis, 
  82°. 
  

  

  Lesser 
  snow 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  hyperborea, 
  74°. 
  

  

  Greater 
  snow 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  hyperborea 
  ni- 
  

   valis, 
  72° 
  (accidental 
  at 
  82°). 
  

  

  Ross 
  snow 
  goose, 
  Chen 
  rossii, 
  68°. 
  

  

  American 
  white-fronted 
  goose, 
  Anser 
  albi- 
  

   frons 
  gambeli, 
  71°. 
  

  

  Hutchins 
  goose, 
  Branta 
  canadensis 
  hutch- 
  

   insii. 
  70°. 
  

  

  Cackling 
  goose, 
  Branta 
  canadensis 
  min- 
  

   ima, 
  71°. 
  

  

  White-bellied 
  brant, 
  Branta 
  bernicla 
  glau- 
  

   cogastra, 
  82°. 
  

  

  Black 
  brant, 
  Branta 
  nigricans, 
  76°. 
  

  

  Whistling 
  swan, 
  Olor 
  columbianus, 
  74°. 
  

  

  Southern 
  Species, 
  with 
  Northern 
  Limit 
  of 
  Breeding 
  Range. 
  

  

  Black-bellied 
  tree-duck, 
  Dendrocygna 
  au- 
  

   tumnalis 
  (southern 
  Texas). 
  

  

  fulvous 
  tree-duck, 
  Dendrocygna 
  fulva 
  

   (central 
  California). 
  

  

  Florida 
  duck, 
  Anas 
  fulvigula 
  (northern 
  

   Florida). 
  

  

  Mottied 
  duck, 
  Anas 
  fulvigula 
  macidosa 
  

   (northern 
  Texas; 
  accidental 
  in 
  Kansas). 
  

  

  Masked 
  duck, 
  Xomonyx 
  dominicus 
  (south- 
  

   ern 
  Texas). 
  

  

  