﻿LESSER 
  SCAUP. 
  47 
  

  

  breed 
  in 
  northern 
  Indiana 
  (Kewanna, 
  English 
  Lake), 
  southern 
  Wis- 
  

   consin 
  (Delavan, 
  Lake 
  Koshkonong), 
  northern 
  Iowa 
  (Spirit 
  Lake, 
  

   Clear 
  Lake), 
  northern 
  Nebraska 
  (probably 
  in 
  Cherry 
  County), 
  Mon- 
  

   tana 
  (common), 
  and 
  central 
  British 
  Columbia 
  (Cariboo 
  district). 
  The 
  

   species 
  is 
  rather 
  rare 
  on 
  the 
  Pacific 
  coast 
  and 
  seems 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  

   found 
  only 
  once 
  on 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  Alaska 
  (Portage 
  Bay, 
  near 
  Chilkat 
  

   River), 
  though 
  not 
  rare 
  inland 
  on 
  the 
  Yukon 
  River, 
  breeding 
  as 
  far 
  

   north 
  as 
  Circle 
  City. 
  The 
  principal 
  breeding 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  lesser 
  scaup 
  

   is 
  the 
  interior 
  of 
  Canada, 
  from 
  northern 
  North 
  Dakota 
  and 
  northern 
  

   Montana 
  to 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  timber 
  near 
  the 
  Arctic 
  coast 
  in 
  the 
  Ander- 
  

   son 
  River 
  and 
  the 
  Mackenzie 
  River 
  regions. 
  

  

  Migration 
  range. 
  — 
  The 
  route 
  of 
  migration 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  evidently 
  

   tends 
  toward 
  the 
  southeast, 
  for 
  at 
  this 
  season 
  the 
  species 
  is 
  not 
  uncom- 
  

   mon 
  in 
  New 
  England, 
  and 
  is 
  a 
  rare 
  visitant 
  of 
  Nova 
  Scotia 
  and 
  even 
  

   of 
  Newfoundland, 
  and 
  is 
  accidental 
  in 
  Greenland 
  and 
  the 
  Bermudas. 
  

  

  Winter 
  range. 
  — 
  The 
  southeastward 
  movement 
  just 
  mentioned 
  brings 
  

   a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  lesser 
  scaups 
  to 
  the 
  South 
  Atlantic 
  States, 
  from 
  

   Maryland 
  southward; 
  indeed, 
  in 
  Florida 
  it 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  commonest 
  

   ducks, 
  and 
  continues 
  to 
  be 
  common 
  as 
  far 
  south 
  as 
  the 
  Bahamas, 
  the 
  

   Greater 
  Antilles, 
  and 
  east 
  to 
  St. 
  Croix, 
  St. 
  Thomas, 
  Virgin 
  Gorda, 
  

   St. 
  Lucia, 
  and 
  Trinidad. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  rare 
  in 
  Panama 
  and 
  Costa 
  Rica, 
  

   while 
  it 
  is 
  abundant 
  in 
  Guatemala, 
  Yucatan, 
  Mexico, 
  and 
  Lower 
  Cali- 
  

   fornia, 
  and 
  less 
  common 
  on 
  the 
  Pacific 
  slope 
  north 
  to 
  southern 
  British 
  

   Columbia. 
  The 
  species 
  remains 
  north 
  in 
  winter, 
  on 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  coast 
  

   as 
  far 
  as 
  New 
  Jersey 
  and 
  Pennsylvania, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  interior 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  

   southern 
  Illinois, 
  southern 
  Colorado, 
  and 
  Arizona. 
  There 
  are 
  a 
  few 
  

   records 
  of 
  its 
  occurrence 
  in 
  winter 
  in 
  western 
  New 
  York. 
  

  

  Spring 
  migration. 
  — 
  An 
  abundant 
  migrant 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  Mississippi 
  

   Valley, 
  the 
  lesser 
  scaup 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  less 
  early 
  ducks 
  to 
  arrive. 
  It 
  

   has 
  appeared 
  at 
  Keokuk, 
  Iowa, 
  just 
  north 
  of 
  its 
  winter 
  home, 
  on 
  Feb- 
  

   ruary 
  26, 
  average 
  of 
  five 
  years 
  (earliest 
  date 
  February 
  21, 
  1892); 
  while 
  

   during 
  another 
  period 
  of 
  five 
  years 
  the 
  average 
  date 
  of 
  its 
  arrival 
  was 
  

   March 
  19. 
  The 
  average 
  date 
  of 
  arrival 
  in 
  central 
  Iowa 
  is 
  March 
  21, 
  

   as 
  deduced 
  from 
  thirteen 
  years' 
  observations; 
  at 
  Heron 
  Lake, 
  Minn., 
  

   March 
  22 
  (earliest 
  March 
  5, 
  1887); 
  central 
  Nebraska, 
  March 
  29; 
  

   Loveland, 
  Colo., 
  March 
  12 
  (earliest 
  March 
  8, 
  1887). 
  The 
  average 
  of 
  

   six 
  years' 
  observations 
  at 
  Chicago, 
  111., 
  gives 
  April 
  6 
  as 
  the 
  date 
  of 
  

   appearance, 
  while 
  in 
  a 
  neighboring 
  locality, 
  English 
  Lake, 
  Ind., 
  it 
  

   has 
  been 
  taken 
  several 
  times 
  b}^ 
  March 
  12, 
  and 
  in 
  1892 
  on 
  March 
  6. 
  

   The 
  average 
  dates 
  are: 
  Central 
  Indiana, 
  March 
  27; 
  Oberlin, 
  Ohio, 
  

   March 
  23 
  (earliest 
  March 
  15, 
  1901); 
  southern 
  Michigan, 
  March 
  25 
  

   (earliest 
  March 
  11, 
  1905); 
  Ottawa, 
  Ontario, 
  April 
  26; 
  Montreal, 
  Canada, 
  

   April 
  11; 
  Reaburn, 
  Manitoba, 
  April 
  9. 
  This 
  species 
  was 
  seen 
  near 
  

   Pelican 
  Rapids, 
  Alberta, 
  May 
  7, 
  1901, 
  and 
  at 
  Fort 
  Simpson, 
  Macken- 
  

   zie, 
  Ma}^ 
  21, 
  1901. 
  It 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  later 
  breeding 
  ducks. 
  Young 
  

   4510— 
  No. 
  26—06 
  4 
  

  

  