﻿BUFFLE-HEAD. 
  51 
  

  

  Clangula 
  islandica 
  (Gmel.) 
  . 
  Barrow 
  Golden-eye. 
  

  

  Breeding 
  range. 
  — 
  A 
  few 
  breed 
  in 
  eastern 
  Canada 
  from 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  

   Saint 
  Lawrence 
  (Point 
  des 
  Monts) 
  to 
  northern 
  Labrador 
  (Davis 
  Inlet). 
  

   A 
  few 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  Greenland 
  during 
  March 
  and 
  April 
  and 
  in 
  Novem- 
  

   ber 
  and 
  December 
  as 
  far 
  north 
  as 
  Holstenborg, 
  67° 
  latitude, 
  but 
  the 
  

   species 
  apparently 
  does 
  not 
  breed 
  there, 
  though 
  breeding 
  quite 
  com- 
  

   monly 
  in 
  Iceland. 
  The 
  principal 
  summer 
  home 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Moun- 
  

   tains, 
  where 
  the 
  species 
  breeds 
  from 
  southern 
  Colorado 
  (Dolores 
  County) 
  

   north 
  almost 
  to 
  the 
  Arctic 
  coast 
  (Fort 
  Anderson), 
  though 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  

   United 
  States 
  there 
  are 
  only 
  a 
  few 
  records 
  in 
  the 
  entire 
  district. 
  On 
  

   the 
  Pacific 
  slope 
  the 
  species 
  breeds 
  quite 
  commonly 
  in 
  central 
  British 
  

   Columbia 
  and 
  less 
  commonly 
  north 
  to 
  Lake 
  Clark, 
  Alaska. 
  The 
  most 
  

   southern 
  record 
  of 
  breeding 
  on 
  the 
  Pacific 
  slope 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  one 
  

   made 
  by 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  parties 
  of 
  the 
  Biological 
  Survey 
  at 
  Paulina 
  and 
  

   Diamond 
  lakes, 
  Oregon. 
  

  

  Winter 
  range. 
  — 
  The 
  larger 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  breeding 
  birds 
  of 
  eastern 
  

   Canada 
  spend 
  the 
  winter 
  around 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  St. 
  Lawrence, 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  

   straggle 
  south 
  and 
  have 
  been 
  recorded 
  at 
  this 
  season 
  from 
  Maine, 
  New 
  

   Hampshire, 
  Massachusetts, 
  New 
  York, 
  Virginia, 
  and 
  on 
  four 
  occasions 
  

   from 
  North 
  Carolina. 
  In 
  the 
  interior 
  the} 
  T 
  have 
  been 
  recorded 
  a 
  few 
  

   times 
  in 
  the 
  States 
  around 
  the 
  Great 
  Lakes 
  and 
  even 
  in 
  Nebraska. 
  

   The 
  Rocky 
  Mountain 
  breeding 
  birds 
  pass 
  in 
  winter 
  scarcely 
  south 
  of 
  

   their 
  summer 
  range 
  and 
  are 
  found 
  from 
  southern 
  Colorado 
  (Fort 
  Lewis) 
  

   to 
  Montana 
  (Fort 
  Sherman 
  and 
  Great 
  Falls). 
  The 
  Pacific 
  birds 
  win- 
  

   ter 
  from 
  southern 
  Alaska 
  (Portage 
  Bay) 
  to 
  California 
  (San 
  Francisco). 
  

  

  Spring 
  migration. 
  — 
  Records 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  are 
  too 
  few 
  to 
  allow 
  of 
  

   exact 
  statements 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  its 
  migration; 
  indeed, 
  over 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  

   range 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  the 
  winter 
  and 
  summer 
  homes 
  overlap. 
  Migrants 
  

   were 
  noted 
  at 
  Quebec 
  City, 
  April 
  14, 
  1899, 
  and 
  April 
  16, 
  1901. 
  One 
  

   was 
  seen 
  near 
  Asheville, 
  N. 
  C, 
  in 
  1893 
  as 
  late 
  as 
  May 
  6. 
  One 
  was 
  

   taken 
  at 
  Fort 
  Anderson, 
  Mackenzie, 
  June 
  11, 
  1861. 
  

  

  In 
  Iceland 
  the 
  species 
  begins 
  breeding 
  in 
  May 
  or 
  early 
  June. 
  At 
  

   Godbout, 
  Quebec, 
  young 
  were 
  found 
  Juh^ 
  11, 
  1881. 
  Incubated 
  eggs 
  

   were 
  taken 
  June 
  IT 
  in 
  central 
  British 
  Columbia. 
  

  

  Fall 
  migration. 
  — 
  The 
  earliest 
  fall 
  migrants 
  in 
  1897 
  at 
  Montreal 
  were 
  

   seen 
  October 
  23. 
  One 
  was 
  taken 
  near 
  Washington, 
  D. 
  C, 
  November 
  

   22, 
  1889, 
  and 
  one 
  at 
  Lake 
  Koshkonong, 
  Wisconsin, 
  November 
  14, 
  1896. 
  

  

  Charitonetta 
  albeola 
  (Linn.). 
  Buffle-head. 
  

  

  Breeding 
  range. 
  — 
  In 
  the 
  nesting 
  season 
  the 
  bufile-head 
  is 
  almost 
  

   wholly 
  confined 
  to 
  Canada, 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  breed 
  in 
  Wisconsin 
  (Pewaukee 
  

   Lake), 
  northern 
  Iowa 
  (Storm, 
  Clear, 
  and 
  Spirit 
  lakes), 
  Wyoming 
  

   (Meeteetse 
  Creek), 
  Montana 
  (Milk 
  River, 
  Flathead 
  Lake). 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  

   tolerably 
  common 
  breeder 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  two-thirds 
  of 
  Ontario, 
  and 
  

  

  