﻿LABRADOR 
  DUCK. 
  55 
  

  

  mountainous 
  region 
  of 
  western 
  North 
  America 
  south 
  to 
  southwestern 
  

   Colorado 
  and 
  to 
  central 
  California 
  at 
  about 
  latitude 
  38°. 
  

  

  Winter 
  range. 
  — 
  The 
  harlequin 
  is 
  not 
  rare 
  at 
  this 
  season 
  in 
  the 
  south- 
  

   ern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  St. 
  Lawrence, 
  and 
  thence 
  is 
  less 
  common 
  to 
  

   Long 
  Island 
  Sound; 
  it 
  is 
  accidental 
  on 
  the 
  New 
  Jersey 
  coast, 
  and 
  once, 
  

   March 
  20, 
  1886, 
  has 
  been 
  noted 
  at 
  Pensacola, 
  Fla. 
  It 
  is 
  not 
  uncom- 
  

   mon 
  in 
  winter 
  on 
  Lake 
  Michigan; 
  an 
  accidental 
  was 
  noted 
  October 
  29 
  

   near 
  St. 
  Louis. 
  It 
  winters 
  in 
  Colorado 
  at 
  the 
  southern 
  limit 
  of 
  its 
  

   breeding 
  range 
  but 
  at 
  several 
  thousand 
  feet 
  lower 
  altitude. 
  On 
  the 
  

   Pacific 
  coast 
  it 
  winters 
  abundantly 
  in 
  the 
  Aleutians 
  and 
  the 
  Pribilof 
  

   Islands; 
  west 
  to 
  the 
  Near 
  Islands, 
  the 
  Commander 
  Islands, 
  and 
  rarely 
  

   to 
  Japan; 
  also 
  along 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  California 
  to 
  Monterey 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  

   interior 
  to 
  about 
  36° 
  latitude 
  (near 
  Crockers 
  Station). 
  Accidental 
  in 
  

   Europe. 
  

  

  Spring 
  migration. 
  — 
  The 
  few 
  individuals 
  that 
  winter 
  on 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  

   coast 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  retire 
  northward 
  in 
  January 
  and 
  early 
  Feb- 
  

   ruary, 
  but 
  some 
  linger 
  just 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  breeding 
  grounds 
  in 
  the 
  Gulf 
  

   of 
  St. 
  Lawrence 
  until 
  late 
  May. 
  The 
  species 
  arrives 
  on 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  

   Greenland 
  in 
  March. 
  On 
  the 
  Pacific 
  coast 
  the 
  winter 
  and 
  breeding 
  

   ranges 
  so 
  overlap 
  that 
  no 
  regular 
  progression 
  northward 
  can 
  be 
  dis- 
  

   tinguished. 
  Migratory 
  movements 
  are 
  noticeable 
  on 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  

   Oregon 
  the 
  last 
  of 
  March; 
  the 
  species 
  was 
  noted 
  at 
  Fort 
  Simpson, 
  

   Mackenzie, 
  May 
  25, 
  1904; 
  the 
  van 
  usually 
  arrives 
  at 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  

   Yukon 
  about 
  the 
  1st 
  of 
  June. 
  

  

  Fall 
  migration. 
  — 
  The 
  first 
  arrivals 
  off 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  Massachusetts 
  do 
  

   not 
  appear 
  until 
  about 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  November, 
  when 
  the 
  last 
  are 
  

   leaving 
  the 
  Greenland 
  breeding 
  grounds. 
  The 
  first 
  arrivals 
  have 
  been 
  

   noted 
  at 
  Toronto, 
  Ontario, 
  October 
  20, 
  1894, 
  and 
  at 
  Omaha, 
  Nebr. 
  

   (accidental), 
  September 
  16, 
  1893; 
  September 
  19, 
  1895. 
  

  

  Camptolaimus 
  labradorius 
  (Gmel.). 
  Labrador 
  Duck. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  an 
  extinct 
  species, 
  which 
  within 
  the 
  last 
  century 
  nested 
  from 
  

   Labrador 
  northward. 
  During 
  the 
  winter 
  it 
  visited 
  the 
  coast 
  of 
  New 
  

   England 
  and 
  passed 
  as 
  far 
  south 
  as 
  Long 
  Island 
  and 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  pos- 
  

   sibly 
  to 
  Chesapeake 
  Bay. 
  So 
  far 
  as 
  known 
  the 
  last 
  survivor 
  was 
  

   captured 
  in 
  1871 
  at 
  Grand 
  Manan, 
  New 
  Brunswick. 
  Forty-three 
  

   specimens 
  are 
  known 
  to 
  be 
  in 
  museums. 
  

  

  Polysticta 
  stelleri 
  (Pall.) 
  . 
  • 
  Steller 
  Eider. 
  

  

  Breeding 
  range. 
  — 
  The 
  principal 
  summer 
  home 
  of 
  this 
  duck 
  is 
  along 
  

   the 
  northern 
  coast 
  of 
  Siberia, 
  where 
  the 
  species 
  is 
  enormously 
  abun- 
  

   dant. 
  Thence 
  it 
  breeds 
  on 
  the 
  eastern 
  coast 
  and 
  islands 
  south 
  to 
  the 
  

   Near 
  Islands, 
  Unalaska, 
  and 
  the 
  Shumagins. 
  Eggs 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  

   at 
  Unalaska 
  May 
  18, 
  in 
  northern 
  Siberia 
  June 
  25, 
  and 
  downy 
  young 
  at 
  

   Point 
  Barrow, 
  Alaska, 
  July 
  28. 
  

  

  