﻿64 
  NOETH 
  AMEEICAN 
  DUCKS, 
  GEESE, 
  A1STD 
  SWANS. 
  

  

  Jamaica. 
  Martinique, 
  Grenada, 
  Barbados, 
  and 
  once 
  in 
  Central 
  America 
  — 
  

   outside 
  of 
  Guatemala— 
  at 
  Irazu, 
  Costa 
  Rica. 
  From 
  the 
  Chesapeake 
  

   Bar 
  to 
  Florida 
  it 
  is 
  quite 
  a 
  common 
  winter 
  resident, 
  though 
  it 
  is 
  being 
  

   rapidly 
  diminished 
  in 
  numbers. 
  

  

  Spring 
  migration. 
  — 
  The 
  ruddy 
  duck 
  is 
  rather 
  a 
  late 
  migrant. 
  

   Throughout 
  its 
  winter 
  district, 
  northward 
  movements 
  occur 
  late 
  in 
  

   March, 
  and 
  just 
  north 
  of 
  this 
  region 
  it 
  appears 
  earty 
  in 
  April. 
  Aver- 
  

   age 
  dates 
  of 
  arrival 
  are: 
  Erie, 
  Pa., 
  April 
  16; 
  Oberlin, 
  Ohio, 
  April 
  15 
  

   (earliest 
  April 
  7, 
  1903); 
  Heron 
  Lake, 
  Minn., 
  April 
  10 
  (earliest 
  April 
  

   3, 
  1889); 
  eastern 
  Nebraska, 
  April 
  7; 
  Cheyenne, 
  Wyo., 
  April 
  21; 
  south- 
  

   ern 
  Manitoba, 
  May 
  5 
  (earliest, 
  April 
  26, 
  1891). 
  The 
  first 
  migrant 
  was 
  

   seen 
  at 
  Osier, 
  Saskatchewan, 
  May 
  7, 
  1893, 
  and 
  at 
  Fort 
  Keogh, 
  Mont., 
  

   April 
  21, 
  1889. 
  

  

  Fall 
  'migration. 
  — 
  An 
  excellent 
  series 
  of 
  observations 
  at 
  Alexandria, 
  

   Va., 
  extending 
  over 
  sixteen 
  years, 
  fixes 
  September 
  30 
  as 
  the 
  average 
  

   date 
  of 
  arrival 
  on 
  the 
  Potomac 
  (earliest, 
  August 
  20, 
  1889). 
  The 
  aver- 
  

   age 
  date 
  when 
  the 
  species 
  becomes 
  common 
  is 
  October 
  25. 
  On 
  the 
  

   Massachusetts 
  coast 
  the 
  ruddy 
  duck 
  is 
  most 
  common 
  in 
  October 
  and 
  

   November. 
  Farther 
  west 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  latitude 
  migration 
  is 
  somewhat 
  

   earlier, 
  and 
  the 
  northern 
  States, 
  from 
  Pennsylvania 
  to 
  Minnesota, 
  are 
  

   deserted 
  the 
  first 
  half 
  of 
  November. 
  The 
  first 
  date 
  of 
  arrival 
  at 
  

   Barbados 
  is 
  September 
  13, 
  1887. 
  

  

  Nomonyx 
  dominicus 
  (Linn.). 
  Masked 
  Duck. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  tropical 
  species 
  that 
  lives 
  principally 
  in 
  the 
  West 
  Indies 
  

   and 
  in 
  eastern 
  South 
  America. 
  It 
  is 
  common 
  in 
  Argentina 
  to 
  the 
  Rio 
  

   Negro 
  and 
  north 
  through 
  eastern 
  and 
  central 
  Brazil 
  to 
  Guiana, 
  Ven- 
  

   ezuela, 
  and 
  the 
  islands 
  of 
  Trinidad, 
  Barbados, 
  St. 
  Croix, 
  Porto 
  Rico, 
  

   Haiti, 
  Jamaica, 
  and 
  Cuba. 
  This 
  may 
  be 
  considered 
  the 
  regular 
  range. 
  

   In 
  western 
  South 
  America 
  the 
  masked 
  duck 
  has 
  been 
  noted 
  at 
  Concep- 
  

   cion, 
  Chile, 
  both 
  in 
  June 
  and 
  September, 
  1891 
  — 
  this 
  is 
  directly 
  west 
  of 
  

   its 
  center 
  of 
  abundance 
  in 
  Argentina 
  — 
  at 
  Tatarenda, 
  in 
  eastern 
  Bolivia, 
  

   and 
  Lake 
  Titacaca, 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  part; 
  at 
  Sara} 
  7 
  acu 
  and 
  the 
  river 
  

   Peripa, 
  in 
  Ecuador; 
  twice 
  in 
  Panama, 
  once 
  in 
  Guatemala, 
  and 
  four 
  

   times 
  in 
  Mexico 
  (Orizaba, 
  Jalapa, 
  Matamoras, 
  Escuinapa). 
  Just 
  across 
  

   the 
  river 
  from 
  Matamoras, 
  at 
  Brownsville, 
  Tex., 
  is 
  the 
  onty 
  place 
  in 
  

   the 
  United 
  States 
  where 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  that 
  it 
  seemed 
  to 
  be 
  at 
  

   home. 
  As 
  it 
  was 
  noted 
  July 
  22, 
  1891, 
  it 
  probably 
  breeds 
  there. 
  

   Strays 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  Vermont 
  (Alburg 
  Springs, 
  September 
  26, 
  

   1857), 
  Wisconsin 
  (near 
  Newville, 
  November, 
  1870), 
  Massachusetts 
  

   (Maiden, 
  August 
  27, 
  1889), 
  and 
  Maryland 
  (Elkton, 
  Septembers, 
  1905). 
  

  

  The 
  species 
  is 
  not 
  strictly 
  nonmigratory, 
  but 
  the 
  data 
  are 
  insufficient 
  

   to 
  allow 
  of 
  exact 
  statements 
  concerning 
  its 
  migration. 
  

  

  