THE EARLIEST PICTURE IN THE WORLD 9 



inter-Glacial set of animals is now found living in a com- 

 paratively warm climate in Western Europe. Another 

 elephant (Elephas antiquus) is there (not the mammoth), 

 and another rhinoceros (not the woolly rhinoceros of the 

 later Glacial period) ; the hippopotamus flourished then 

 in Europe and swam in the Thames and Severn, and 

 there too, at last is the sabre-toothed tiger, which did not 

 exist at all at a later period! Now was the time when 

 a man, if he could, might have " scribed " the image of a 

 sabre-toothed tiger on a piece of bone, but, so far as we 

 know, he did not and could not. This was ages before 

 other succeeding men walked " on glittering ice fields/' 

 and they, in turn, were ages earlier than the artistic 

 Cromagnards of the Reindeer period. 



The presence of men in the warm inter-Glacial times 

 in Europe is proved by the association of rough but 

 undisputed flint implements with the inter-Glacial animals 

 and by the discovery of a most interesting human jaw 

 (chinless, like that of the Neander men) in what is held 

 to be a prae-Glacial deposit at Heidelberg. We have very 

 little knowledge of Glacial and prae-Glacial man except 

 well characterized flint implements and two skeletons, 

 some detached limb bones, four or five jaws, and as many 

 skulls. 1 But of post-Glacial Palaeolithic man we know 

 the skeletons of the Cromagnard race, their sepulture, 

 their decorative necklaces, and their bone and ivory 

 carvings and engravings, and the coloured rock paintings 

 and other work of earlier races (the Aurignacians, and 

 others) belonging to successive epochs or eras, which 



1 Seven years ago the ape-like lower jaw and thick walled brain-case called 

 " Eoanthropus " were discovered in a sparse gravel near Lewes in Sussex. 

 It is probably of older date than either the Neander men or the Heidelberg 

 men. See on this subject the chapters on "The Missing Link" in my 

 "Diversions of a Naturalist" (1915) and those on "The Most Ancient 

 Men" and "The Cave-men's Skulls " in "Science from an Easy Chair. 

 First Series" (1910). 



