LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xv 



FIG. PAGE 



28. Male Figure represented in the Act of draw- 



ing A BOW OR THROWING A SPEAR . . -53 



29. A Piece of Mammoth Ivory carved with Spirals 



and Scrolls from the Cave of Arudy (Hautes 

 Pyrenees) . . . . . -54 



30. Vesuvius as it appeared before the Eruption of 



August 24, a.d. 79 . . . 57 



31. Five Successive Stages in the Change of Form of 



Vesuvius (from Phillips' "Vesuvius," 1869) . 62 



32. The Upper-arm Bone or Humerus of the Great 



Reptile (Gigantosaurus) of Tendagoroo . 89 



The Gigantic Reptile Diplodocus on Land . 91 



33. The Rudimentary Gill-plume of a Crayfish from 



that Part of the Body-wall to which the 

 First Pair of Jaw-legs (Maxillipedes) is articu- 

 lated ....... 123 



Strangely-shaped Fishes . . . .130 



34. Diagram of Rotifer vulgaris — The Common 



Wheel Animalcule— One Hundred and Twenty 

 Times as long as the Creature itself . .159 



35. The Rotifer Pedalion mir um— seen from the 



Right Side, magnified 180 Diameters . .161 



36. The Rotifer Pedalion mir um— seen from the 



Ventral Surface . . . . .162 



37 The Rotifer Noteus quadricornis—to show its 



curious Four-horned Carapace . . .163 



The Larval or Young Form of Crustacea known 



as "the Nauplius" . . . . .164 



37 {bis). Three Tube-building Wheel Animacules . 169 



Young Stages of Growth or Veliger Larvae of 



Marine Snails . . . . .181 



