6 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Page. 

 Section First: Summaries of evidence — Continued. 



(D) Injury to grain 68-78 



1. Injury to wheat 69 



2. Injury to oats 73 



3. Injury to rye and barley 74 



4. Injury to field corn , 74 



5. Injury to sorghum 75 



6. Injury to rice 76 



7. Injury to buckwheat 77 



8. Negative evidence 77 



(E) Relation of the Sparrow to other birds 78-98 



1 . List of native birds molested by the Sparrow 80 



2. Relation of the Sparrow to birds which nest principally in cavi- 



ties, natural or artificial, and often in boxes prepared 



by man * 82 



O) Sparrow versus Bluebird and Purple Martin 82 



(b) Negative evidence '. . 86 



(c) Sparrow versus Wrens , 87 



3. Relation of the Sparrow to birds which usually nest in trees, or 



at least in places not especially prepared for them by 



man 88 



(a) Sparrow versus Cliff Swallow and Barn Swallow 88 



(b) Sparrow versus Robin 90 



(c) Sparrow versus Mockingbird 91 



(d) Sparrow versus Vireos 92 



4. Relation of the Sparrow to other birds, under such conditions that 



the question of nesting has no direct influence 92 



fa) English Sparrow rersus Chipping Sparrow 93 



(b) The Sparrow " mobbing" other birds 93 



5. Summary of the question of Sparrow versus native birds 95 



(F) Relation of the Sparrow to insects „ 98-132 



1. General summary of evidence ' 98 



(a) Evidence derived from study of the contents of Sparrows' 



stomachs 100 



(b) Evidence derived from observation of the bird, without 



subsequent examination of the stomach 101 



(1) List of insects said to be eaten by the Sparrow 102 



(c) Argument from all available data 103 



(72) Seasonal variation in the insect food of the Sparrow 105 



(e) Relation of the Sparrow to caterpillars 107 



(1) Relation to the caterpillar of the Tussock Moth 107 



(2) How the Sparrows protect the caterpillars 108 



(3) Relation to Span-worms >. 109 



2. Insectivorous habits of the English Sparrow, by Prof. C. V. Riley. Ill 



(a) Report of material examined in 18S7 Ill 



(1) Stomach contents HI 



(2) Habits of the insects concerned 115 



(3) Summary from the foregoing statements 120 



(b) Survey of work done in Europe 123 



(c) Review of work done in North America 125 



(G) Tables of food as shown by dissection 133-146 



1. Examined at the Department of Agriculture 134 



2. Examined at West Chester, Pa 144 



(H) Miscellaneous inj uries 146-149 



