146 THE ENGLISH SPARROW IN AMERICA. 



[Notes by Dr. B. H. Warren.] 



The various vegetable materials named in tbe records given above are 5 

 with a few exceptions, included in the following list: 



Oats (Arena sativa). 

 Wheat (Triticum vulgare). 

 Rye (Secale cereale). 

 Corn, maize (Zia Mays). 



Grass seed, Clover seed, Small seeds, etc., refer mainly to the follow- 

 ing : 



Red clover (Trifolium pratense). 

 White clover (Trifolium repens). 

 Timothy (Phleum pralense). 

 Bitter-weed (Ambrosia arfemisicrJoHa y . 



Fox-tail grass (Setaria glauca). Seeds of other species of Setaria are also fed 

 upon. 



Buds aud blossoms were chiefly of the following kinds : 



Pear (Pyrus communis). 



Plum (Prunus domeslica). 



Cherry (Cerasus avium). 



Grape ( Vitis). 



Maple (Acer). 



Black Haw (Viburnum prunifoli-um). 



In a few cases remains of the following vegetables were present: 



Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus). 

 String Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). 

 Garden Pea (Pisum sativum). 



Numerous complaints are made by our citizens as to the destruction 

 caused by Sparrows to growing pea-vines. 



MISCELLANEOUS INJUKIES. 



Aside from the damage which the Sparrow occasions to the agricult- 

 urist and horticulturist, it is also chargeable with offenses which are 

 regarded by many people as insignificant, but which, nevertheless, 

 sometimes become so marked as to demand immediate attention. 



Mention has already been made of the damage which the Sparrow 

 does to foliage by its filthy habits, and this kind of injury extends to 

 various other classes of objects. 



No specific questions as to injury by filth were sent out by the De- 

 partment, but many observers have contributed notes on the subject, 

 and even the most superficial observer knows what endless annoyance 

 and vexation, to say nothing of serious damage, is occasioned by the 

 soiling of window-casings, cornice-brackets, porches, awnings, and orna- 

 mental work of every kind about dwelling-houses, business blocks, and 

 public buildings. 



