EVIDENCE.— INJUEY TO TREES AND VINES. 241 



ater, by eating whatever blossoms may have been put forth after the first raid. (Oc- 

 tober 29, 1885. ) 



Monmouth. Dr. S. M. Hamilton : I have never seen the least bit of injury done by 

 the Sparrow to trees and vines. (September 24, 1886.) 



Indiana.— New Albany. John B. Mitchell : It injures fruit trees by eating the buds, 

 aud disfigures other trees by roosting in them. (October 6, 1886.) 



Iowa. — Davenport. Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, per W. H. Pratt, 

 curator : The fruit-growers are afraid of the Sparrow, but so far as actual knowledge 

 goes here it scarcely seems to do much injury, except by soiling roofs, trees, fruit, and 

 vines. (April 20, 1887.) 



Des Moines. C. R. Keyes: It has been reported from Iowa City as doing injury to 

 ornamental or shade trees, but I have watched them for the past two winters, and 

 have had a large flock roost every night in the trees in front of my window, and they 

 have done no injury whatever. (February 27, 1887.) 



Iowa City. C. C. Nutting : It is injurious to cedar and pine trees. The injury is 

 caused by a habit they have of roosting in flocks in some particular tree, often a 

 pine, and rendering it unsightly by their litter. Their nesting habits result in dis- 

 figuring trees. Although these habits may not seriously injure the vitality of the 

 tree, they certainly injure its usefulness for ornamental purposes. I am also in- 

 formed by a trustworthy observer that they eat the buds of the pine. (January 18, 

 1887.) V 



Kansas. — Netaivaka. John H. Johnson : I have seen the Sparrow destroy fruit-buds 

 of both vines and trees. (February 18, 1887.) 



Kentucky. — Crescent Hill. Thomas S. Kennedy: It does not injure the trees or 

 vines, but it plucks the fruit-buds in the spring. (October 5, 1836.) 



Louisiana. — Donaldsonville. L. E. Bentley : The Sisters of Charity in charge of the 

 St. Vincent Institute at this place lost au ornamental or shade tree, and attribute 

 its death to the injury inflicted by a flock of Sparrows which nested or roosted in it. 

 This is the only instance of the kind of which I have heard. (October 30, 1886.) 



Massachusetts.— East Templeton. Charles E. Ingalls : I have seen them in winter 

 stripping the buds from pear trees, and from ornamental trees along our village 

 streets. (August 23, 1886. ) 



Medford. John Ayres : It never, to my knowledge, injures trees in any way. 

 • (May 29, 1884.) 



Mount Auburn. M. Abbott Frazar: It buds pear trees, but in large orchards and 

 on a bearing year this is to the advantage of the trees, as it removes but a portion of 

 the surplus fruit which would otherwise have to be picked off. A single tree in a city 

 back-yard very likely would be stripped, rather overdoing the business. (Autumn, 

 1885.) 



Springfield. Dr. P. L. B. Stickney : It is continually picking at the blossoms and 

 buds of trees and vines early in the season. (October 18, 1886.) 



Taunton. II. G. White : During winter the Sparrow bites off the buds of many trees 

 and lets them fall to the ground untouched. (February 25, 1886.) 



Michigan.— Bay City. F. W. Grinuell : It does not inj ure trees or vines very much ; 

 in spring it takes buds from apple and pear trees. (December 4, 1886.) 



Eaton Bapids. S. R. Fuller: It eats the young buds from the maples where it 

 gathers in large flocks. (October 11, 1886.) 



Mount Clemens. Jno. B. Leonardson : It nests in evergreens and deadens their 

 tops ; and it eats the fruit-buds of the grape-vine in early spring, also the buds of the 

 apricot to a greater extent. (August 29, 1886.) 



Spring-port. J. B. Conklin : It does not seriously injure trees or vines. Evergreens, 

 being favorite roosting-places, are left in a filthy condition, especially in winter. 

 (October 6, 1886.) 



New Jersey.— Blawenburgh. David C. Voorhees: It picks the germs from the buds 

 of fruit trees at the time of blossoming. (December, 1885.) 

 8404— Bull. 1 16 



