EVIDENCE. INJURY TO FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. 251 



snow covered the ground but at no other time. (February 21, 1887. Present about 

 two years. ) 



Tiptonvillc. John D. Arnett : It has been very injurious to our fruit crops, 

 especially grapes. (November 19, 1886. Present five years.) 



Texas. — Galveston. Oswald Schindler: What little fruit is grown here is taken 

 care of by the Sparrow, without permission of owner. (February 12, 1887. Present 

 about nineteen years.) 



Utah. — North Ogden. Sidney Stevens : It does a deal of damage to fruit and crops. 

 (November 22, 1886. Present about four years.) 



Pleasant Grove. Mrs. P. Sterrefct: it has become a great nuisance to gardeners. 

 (November 11, 1886. Present about eight years.) 



Provo City. Jas. G. Kenney: It is commonly reported destructive to fruit. (No- 

 vember 15, 1886. Present about six years.) 



Virginia.— Lick Run. J. T. Paxton : It eats all the small fruit, currants, rasp- 

 berries, and strawberries. (March, 1887. Present six or seven years.) 



Richmond. Hugh L. Davis: It mutilates strawberries, and destroys raspberries 

 and cherries. (November 5, 1885. Present about four years.) 



Variety Mills (country). H. Martyn Micklem: It eats gooseberries, currants, and 

 .oeas (when first sown, when growing, and when in pod), and picks up small seeds gen- 

 erally. (December 21, 1886. Present about five years.) 



West Virginia. — Halltown. John H. Strider : It destroys early peas and cabbages, 

 and later in the season garden seeds. It is very destructive to sunflower seed. (Sep- 

 tember 6, 1886. Present about seven years.) 



Wisconsin. — Kewaunee (country). Kamsoin A. Moore : It injures small fruits, such 

 as berries, grapes, cherries, currants, etc. (November 8, 1886. Present about two 

 years.) 



Lena. R. R. By ram : I have known it to injure garden vegetables, such as the 

 tomato, etc. (August 20, 1886. Present several years.) 



Milwaukee (suburb). Walter B. Hull : I have noticed but few examples of in- 

 jury to fruit or vegetables, but there would be more if the Sparrows were not fright- 

 ened on their first appearance. ^August 23, 1886. Present about six years.) 



Oshkosh. W. F. Webster: I saw them after sunflower seeds in my garden this 

 year for the first time. I think they do not injure fruits or vegetables. (Novem- 

 ber 16, 1886. Present about seven years.) 



CANADA. Ontakio. — Belleville. James T. Bell: It does not injure garden fruits 

 and vegetables to any great extent. (August 19, 1886.) 



Oshawa. W. J. Stevenson : I have known them in a short time to clean out all 

 the vegetables, etc., in a whole garden when first coming through the ground. (Au- 

 gust 21, 1886. Present about ten years.) 



Strathroy. L. II. Smith: There are several professional gardeners in our town, 

 but I have heard no complaints of injury to fruits or vegetables. (October 4, 1886. 

 Present about twelve years.) 



Toronto. J. B. Williams, for committee of the Natural History Society of Toronto: 

 It injures garden fruits and vegetables. People generally have been very favorable 

 toward the Sparrow, but those who have gardens are beginning to complain of it. 

 (August 27, 1884. Present about nine years.) 



Quebec. — Montreal. George John Bowles: The market gardeners and farmers in 

 the neighborhood complain greatly of the injury done by the Sparrow to garden fruits 

 and vegetables. (August 8, 1884.) 



New Brunswick. — Portland (suburb of Saint John). J. W. Banks: It is ve'ry de- 

 structive to currants, raspberries, and pea blossoms. (October 10, 1886. Present two 

 or three years.) 



ENGLAND. — I know from personal observation that in England it is very partial to 

 small fruits. (Douglas Robertson, Chloride, N. Mex., August 27, 1885.) 



In England it is one of the greatest enemies to the fruit and grain crops, and pre- 



