EVIDENCE. EFFECTS ON NATIVE BIRDS. 



2G1 



Among the responses to the question, Does the Sparrow molest or 

 drive off any of our native birds? the followiug were received: 



Reports. 



No is 



Not abundant enough here yet 12 



Think not 13 



Not observed to 70 



Not to my knowledge 14 



No trouble observed . 9 



Not muck trouble observed 4 



Yes 49 



Yes, some birds 35 



Reports. 



Think so 7 



To a certain extent 2 



Frequently 1 



Constantly 1 



It seems to 3 



Am told so ; have heard so 4 



Does not drive them away 3 



Not observed to drive away any 6 



Has driven, none away yet 6 



Among the replies to the question, What species are molested or ex- 

 celled? were the following: 



Reports. 



Nearly all small birds 21 



All except hawks 2 



All except the ki ngbird 3 



All except the bluebird 2 



All weaker birds 2 



Small birds 



Many birds 2 



Reports. 



All other birds 56 



Nearly all other birds 07 



Nearly all species, I think 8 



All song-birds 11 



Nearly all song-birds 14 



All small song-birds 2 



All small birds 25 



Reports. 

 Noue except the blue jay 5 



Among the replies to the question, What birds habitually resist the 

 Sparrow, or attempt to drive it away unless themselves first attached f are 

 the following: 



Reports. 



None 15 



None successfully 4 



The remainder of the testimony relating to the Sparrow's influence 

 on native birds, consisting of reports from more than eight hundred ob- 

 servers, is not only the larger but by far the most valuable part, and it 

 is with the greatest reluctance that any of it is omitted. Some exam- 

 ples of this testimony have been cited in Part I of this Bulletin (pages 

 82 to 98), and the following additional reports will give some idea of 

 the character of the wliole. 



Alabama. — Cullman. S. H. Herri n : The Sparrows usually take possession of the 

 homes of the black martin and bluebird, and in many cases the latter have to give 

 way to them. The bluebirds, and sometimes the black martins, try to retake their 

 nesting sites, but fail. (September 24, 1880. Present about two years.) 



Eufaula. E. L. Browu : None of our birds molest the Sparrow, but it attacks and 

 drives away mockingbirds. (September 17, 1830. Present about four years.) 



Jacksonville. G. B. Douthit: Mockingbirds are attacked, and are not nearly so 

 numerous here as before the appearance of the Sparrow. (September 22, 1880. Pres- 

 ent about three years.) 



Moulton. J. M. Sandlin : I have known none except tho bluebird to attempt to 

 reclaim former nesting sites when these w T ere occupied by the Sparrow. I have ob- 

 served no trouble with any other native birds. (September 21, 1880. Present about 

 one year.) 



TmTcegec. Samuel Q. Hale : The bluebird resists the Sparrow, but is beaten every 

 time. The Sparrow molests and drives off the mockingbird and all others. (Sep- 

 tember 17, 1880. Present about two years. ) 



