40 



trict. Such records would undoubtedly show that in moving west- 

 ward — in ascending and entering the elevated, treeless, and almost 

 rainless plains — all of the records would be later. This, indeed, is in- 

 timated by many of the records of vegetation in hand, and is known to 

 be the case with birds. 



VIXT. This section (from latitude 42° to latitude 44°) includes south- 

 ern Wisconsin, northern Iowa, southern Minnesota, and southern Dakota. 

 The winter's snow left this section about March 20, but was quickly 

 succeeded by a severe storm April 1, and by another on the 7th, 8th, and 

 9th, while the frost kept returning and was heavy even as late as May 29. 

 Ice broke in streams March 26, and in lakes about April 6. Grass 

 started April 25, many flowers having already appeared ; apple-blos- 

 soms opened May 20; leaves started late (May 2), hut grew rapidly, 

 the foliage proper beginning May 15. Frogs appeared March 26; in- 

 sects on the 31st,. and snakes April 10, while toads were not recorded 

 till April 26. 



IX. This section (from latitude 44° to latitude 46°) includes the cen- 

 tral portions of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Dakota. The winter's snow 

 was all gone, except in sheltered localities, when the storms came the 

 first week in April. Snow fell over the section April 6, and in most 

 places also on the 7th. By April 10 the snow had all gone. Ice left 

 the smaller streams March 26, and passed out of the Mississippi the 

 30th. April 6 it disappeared from small lakes, but remained in the 

 larger ones until April 13. Grass started in the west earlier than in 

 the east. In Dakota it began to be seen April 7, but was a few days 

 later in Wisconsin. The first leaves appeared May 10, so that here a 

 larger part of the migration took place among bare trees than in the 

 more southern districts. A few flowers, principally the hardy anemone, 

 or wind flower, were out April 10, bnb even by May 10 there were not 

 many to be found. Frogs became musical April 4. Only two observa- 

 tions were contributed on snakes, one in Minnesota April 2, and the 

 other in Dakota May 3, giving little clue to the correct dates. A sin- 

 gle toad was reported April 4, and he must have been a very early in- 

 dividual. Insects appeared April 3. 



X. This section (from latitude 46° to latitude 48°) includes the north- 

 central portions of Minnesota and Dakota and the northern part of 

 Wisconsin. The only note contributed is to the effect that the ice left 

 the large lakes April 20. 



XI. This section (from latitude 48° to latitude 50°) includes northern 

 Minnesota and Dakota and southern Manitoba. The only observations 

 contributed relate to a few insects seen April 2, and to the revival of 

 frogs April 15. 



From further north than this no notes were received except a single 

 one, which stated that the ice passed out of Lake Winnipeg June 1. In 

 addition to the observations above recorded, a few other data have been 

 contributed. The " Gopher' 7 * was first seen at latitude 39°, March 15 ; 



[* SpermopMlus tridecemlineains is here meant. — C. H. M.] 



