134 



between auratus and cafer, has been found along the western edge of our 

 district, running into cafer in the west and auratus in the east. It was 

 noted in the winter of 18S3-'84 from Caddo, Ind. Ter., and a second time 

 from Texas, this record being from San Angelo. At Caddo it was first 

 seen January 11, and was more or less common during the rest of the 

 winter, though outnumbered by both auratus and cafer. There is little 

 to indicate that in its migration it differs from typical auratus. 



In the fall of 1884 the bulk had departed from Elk River, Minn., 

 before September 27. At Mount Carmel, Mo,, a half dozen were seen 

 December 10. During the winter of 18Sl-'85 the range of the Flicker 

 exteuded somewhat farther north than in the winter of 1883-'84. More 

 than the usual number wintered at Saint Louis, where none were seen 

 the previous winter. It was seen also during the winter at Glasgow 

 Mo., Keokuk, Iowa, Fayette, Mo., and Griggsville, 111. At La Porte 

 City, Iowa, it was more common during the winter of 1881-'85 than 

 ever before ; while at Aledo, 111., this was the only winter for many 

 years when none were seen. 



In the spring of 1885 the northward movement of the Yellow- shafted 

 Flicker was later than in 1881. aSo positive records of migration were 

 made until March 29 and 30, when the bulk reached Saint Louis, and the 

 first were noted at Aledo, 111., Ferry, Iowa, and Linwood, Xebr. Its prog- 

 ress for a few days seems to have been more rapid along the Missis- 

 sippi River than farther east or west. By April 5 it had been noted 

 from Mount Pleasant, Iowa ; Grinnell,Iowa; Ames, Iowa; Clinton, Wis.. 

 Lake Mills, Wis.; Lauesboro, Miun., and Rochester, Minn. April 7 it 

 was reported from Chicago, 111.; Delavan, Wis., and Lake City, Minn. 

 Then, April 18 to 20 the line of the van reached the same parallel in 

 Wisconsin and Minnesota, the first being seen at Milwaukee, Wis.; 

 Xew Cassel, Wis.; Green Bay, Wis. (two observers) ; Durand, Wis.; 

 River Falls, Wis.; Minneapolis, Minn, (two observers), and Heron Lake, 

 Minn. It was seen at Oak Point, Manitoba, April 21. 



In the fall of 1885 the last was seen at Elk River, Minn., October 13; 

 at River Falls, Wis., September 29 ; at Fernwood, 111., October 31. Tbe 

 first migrant reached Fernwood September 12, and they were con- 

 spicuous at Saint Louis, Mo., September 22. At the latter place many 

 were seen going south October 5, and two days later migration reached 

 its height, although the last migrant was not seen until November 11. 

 At Bonham, Tex., it was first seen October 4; was next seen three days 

 later, and became common by the 15th. 



413. Colaptes cafer (Gmel.). [378 &.] Bed-shafted Flicker. 



This is a species which occupies the United States from the Plains 

 westward. It is found almost to the eastern boundary of Texas, Indian 

 Territory, Kansas, and ^Nebraska, but in Dakota its eastern limit curves 

 sharply westward, nearly the whole of that Territory being occupied by 

 Colaptes auratus. There seems to be but little difference between the 



