135 



movements of this species and those of C. auratus, though it is probable 

 that a greater percentage of G. cafer go farther north to breed. At 

 Manhattan, Kans., it was recorded as merely a winter bird, arriving 

 December 8, and it was seen occasionally through the winter. In the 

 spring of 1884, at Manhattan, the bulk arrived from the south March 

 15, and April 1 the last was seen. At Caddo, Ind. Ter., it was not seen 

 until January 11, but after that date was common during the rest of the 

 winter. It was rare near town, staying in or near the bottom-land. I 

 do not think it ever remained to breed. At San Angelo, Tex., it was 

 also marked as merely a winter resident, not breeding. Considering the 

 two species and the variety once known as Jiybridus as they occur to- 

 gether at Caddo, Ind. Ter., we find that auratus arrives early in the fall 

 and is a common winter resident; few, if any, breed there. After auratus 

 has practically completed its fall migration and settled down to winter 

 numbers, G. cafer and G. auratus Jiybridus came in together, and during the 

 coldest weather all three are found in about equal numbers in heavy 

 timber land, though G. cafer perhaps is the most abundant. It has been 

 said that it is impossible to distinguish one species from the other with- 

 out shooting them, but auratus and cafer can be easily distinguished by 

 the difference in their call notes. 



416. Antrostomus carolinensis (Gmel.). [353.] Chuck- ■wilVs-ividow. 



This is the southern Whippoorwill, and though it occurs as far north 

 as southern Illinois (in some counties of which it is quite common), it is 

 more abundant in the Gulf States, from which came all the notes con- 

 tributed by our observers. In the spring of 1881 it was seen at Eodney, 

 Miss., April 14. and the next day at Yazoo City. April 13, it came to 

 Gainesville, Tex. It was found breeding at Newport, Ark. 



In the spring of 1885 the only records received on the migration of 

 the Chuck-will's Widow were notes of its appearance at Gainesville 

 Tex., April 10, and at San Antonio, Tex., April 28. 



417. Antrostomus vociferus (Wils.). L354.] Whippoorwill. 



A common summer resident in Manitoba and the Mississippi Valley 

 east of the Plains. In the spring of 1881 it appeared in eastern Concho 

 County, Tex., where it was a summer resident, March 6. As it was not 

 seen at Eodney and Yazoo City, Miss., until the last two days of 

 March, it constitutes an exception to the general rule that species ar- 

 rive earliest near the Mississippi Eiver. The notes on this species, 

 though quite numerous, are peculiar in that they do not contain a single 

 record of the arrival of bulk, departure of bulk, or last. East of the 

 Mississippi the rest of the record, omitting irregular occurrences, is as 

 follows: April 15 they reached latitude 33° 34' in Mississippi and lati- 

 tude 3G° 31' in Tennessee; April 27 they were recorded at latitude 40° 

 08' in Illinois; April 29 at latitude 41° 10' in Illinois, and the next day 

 at Chicago, latitude 41° 51'. They reached latitude 41° 58' in Illinois 

 May 1; Milwaukee, Wis., latitude 43°, May 3, and Green Bay, Wis., 



