203 



specimens collected at Laredo, Tex., during the fall and winter of 1885- 

 >S6 (The Auk, Vol. Ill, 1886, p. 248). More recently Mr. Lloyd lias 

 found it in winter in Tom Green and Concho Counties, Tex., where it 

 is rare (Ibid., Vol. IV, 1887, p. 292). 



It occurs north, at least to northwestern Dakota, where it breeds. 



565. Spizella atrigularis (Cab.). [215.J Black-cMnned Sparrow. 



A Mexican species, coming north to the valley of the Upper Bio 

 Grande, in Texas. 



566. Junco aikeni Ritlgw. [216.] White-winged Junco. 



This large Junco breeds in the Rocky Mountains, in Colorado, and 

 Wyoming, and in the Black Hills of western Dakota. In winter it 

 sometimes straggles east as far as middle Kansas and Indian Territory. 

 In the winter of 1883-'84 it was found again by Dr. Watson at Ellis, 

 Kans., so that it may be considered a regular visitant to the plains in 

 Kansas. 



567. Junco hy emails (Lin u.). [217.] Junco; Slate-colored Snowbird. 



Breeds from northern Minnesota northward, and winters throughout 

 the middle belt of the Mississippi Valley. A most abundant and well- 

 known bird, concerning which so many records were received that its 

 movements can be traced with some degree of accuracy. In the spring 

 of 1884 but four notes of its wintering were received from the region north 

 of latitude 41°. They are as follows: From Morning Sun, Iowa, " seen 

 last winter;" from Coralville, Iowa, "was here last winter;' 7 from 

 Waukon, Iowa, "arrived October 15, a few remained all winter; n and 

 from Heron Lake, Minn., " a very few were seen all winter." In fact, 

 it was not common at any place north of latitude 41°, aud was not 

 abundant north of latitude 40°. This must be accounted for by the 

 unusual severity of the winter, as the ordinary winter limit of the spe- 

 cies is from latitude 42° to latitude 43°, and one hardy individual has 

 been known to pass the winter in northern Minnesota at latitude 47°. 

 Latitude 39° is just within the true winter home of the Junco. The 

 great bulk of the species in the winter of 1883-'84 remained between 

 latitude 39° and latitude 36°, being in that section the most numerous 

 winter resident. They were hardly noticed by any of the Southern ob- 

 servers. At Caddo, Ind. Ter., they were most conspicuous by their ab- 

 sence; not a dozen a day were seen in town, and less than thirty in the 

 timber. 



Of their spring movements there were but few irregular notes, from 

 which it may be inferred that the migration was quite regular and that 

 the species is an easily noticed bird. The record from Iowa and Minne- 

 sota is as follows: March 14 the first one was seen at Ferry, Iowa; 

 March 16 at Laporte City, Iowa; March 22 at Mitchell, Iowa: March 

 24 at Lanesboro, Pine Bend, and Elk Biver, Minn. At Minneapolis, 

 the first was noted March 27, but as the arrival of the bulk was recorded 



