14 LAWS EEGULATING TRANSPORTATION AND SALE OF GAME. 



extermination of all big game. Legislation has been directed toward 

 stopping slaughter for hides, materiallj^ shortening the seasons, limit- 

 ing the number which ma}^ be killed, prohibiting sale and shipment 

 at all seasons, and in many cases prohibiting shooting indefinitely or 

 for a term of years. ^ 



In the case of deer, fawns are generally protected ; in Arizona and 

 California does, and in Vermont deer without horns are protected 

 at all times. In five States the open season has been reduced to 

 thirty days or less — in Pennsylvania, thirty; Michigan, twenty-three; 

 Minnesota and Wisconsin, twenty; and Vermont, ten; and in seven 

 others it has been withdrawn either temporarily or permanently. In 

 New Jersey, and in four counties of New York and two of Wisconsin, 

 deer are protected at all seasons until 1902; in Connecticut, Massachu- 

 setts, and four counties of Maine, until 1903; in Illinois, until 1901; 

 in Rhode Island, until 1905; in Garrett County, Md., until 1906; and 

 in Iowa, Oklahoma, and one county of Tennessee, indefinitely. 



The killing of other big game has been still more restricted. Elk 

 are protected in New Mexico, until 1904; in Oregon, until 1910; in 

 Arizona, California, Iowa, New York, North Dakota, and Utah, 

 indefinitely. Close seasons for moose continue in Wyoming until 

 1902; in Idaho, until 1901; and in New York, North Dakota, and Ver- 

 mont, indefinitely. In Maine the killing of cow or calf moose, and in 

 Minnesota the killing of moose without antlers at any time is prohib- 

 ited. Caribou are protected in Idaho until 1901; in Maine, until 

 1905; and in New York, North Dakota, and Vermont, without limit. 

 Killing unantlered caribou in Minnesota is illegal at any season. For 

 antelope, the term of protection in Texas extends to 1902; and in 

 Arizona (females only), California, New York, North Dakota, Okla- 

 homa, and Utah it is unlimited. Protection at all seasons and with- 

 out limit is given mountain sheep in Arizona, California, Colorado, 

 Montana, North Dakota, and Utah; mountain goats, in Arizona and 

 New Mexico; and bison, in Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, and 

 Utah. 



Onlj^ fifteen States and Territories permit the killing of big game 

 other than deer. All but five of these limit the number that may be 

 killed, and have cut down the open seasons until the maximum is only 

 four and one-half months and the minimum but five days. Export 

 is practically prohibited in all States where such game occurs except 

 Minnesota, ^Montana, Nebraska, and New Hampshire, and in these 

 States restrictions, in some cases little short of actual prohibition. 



I ' Similar laws are in force in Canada, but are not considered In the following 



I discussion. It may be mentioned, however, that deer are protected in Nova Scotia 



I until 1904: elk in Ontario indefinitely, in Nova Scotia until 1904, and in New- 



foundland until 1906; moose in Ontario until 1903, and in Newfoundland until 

 1906; and caribou in Ontario until 1903. 



