SPECIES. 85 



12-spotted cucumber-beetle {JDiahrotica 12 -punctata)^ 1 potato-beetle 

 {Doryjyhora 10-Uneata), 7 leaf -hoppers {Proconia), and 14 grasshoppers 

 (2 Xijpliidiiim and 12 Melanoplus). 



The freedom with which the bobwhite, regardless of cover, roams 

 about large fields^ — pastures, meadows, or wheat, tobacco, corn, or 

 truck lands — is very striking. The rapidity with which it moves from 

 point to point, whether by flying or running, makes it less dependent 

 on cover than most of the birds of the farm, and causes it to feed over 

 far more territory than they. As an enemy of insect pests and a 

 destroyer of weed seed it has few equals on the farm. It is the 

 custom at Marshall Hall to shoot these birds for market, where they 

 bring 15 cents apiece, a price that scarcely compensates for the loss of 

 their services. 



The rufi'ed grouse {JBonasa iimhellus)^ though rather rare, was found 

 breeding here, and in one instance a bird of the species was seen flying 

 over the Bryan house. 



The wild turkey {Meleagris gallopavo /era) occurs as a straggler ai 

 intervals of several years. A fine gobbler was seen at 4. 30 a. m. May 16, 

 1900, in lot 1, but it quickly disappeared amid the wheat. The next 

 morning it was seen in lot 2; but on discovery it rose and flew to the 

 woods behind the calamus swamp. 



PIGEONS AND DOVES. 



A specimen of the passenger pigeon {JEctojnstes migratorius) col- 

 lected at Marshall Hall by Mr. O. N. Br3^an was donated by him to 

 the Smithsonian Institution in 1892. 



The mourning dove (Zenaidura macroura) has already been shown 

 to be preeminently a seed eater. It consumes great quantities of weed 

 seed and is a useful species on the farm. Three stomachs were 

 collected. 



VULTURES. 



The turkey buzzard [Cathartes aura) is a useful scavenger. Its 

 work on the Bryan farm at Marshall Hall has been described (see p. 53). 



HAWKS. 



The following hawks were noted: 



Marsh hawk ( Circus hudsonius), 1. Broad- winged hawk {Buteo plahjpterus) ,1, 



Sharpshinned hawk {Accipiter velox) . Golden eagle {Aquila chrysaetos).<^ 



Cooper hawk (Accipiter cooperi). Bald eagle (Haliseetus leucocephalus) . 



Eed-tailed hawk {Buteo borealis). Sparrow hawk {Falco sparverius) . 



Red-shouldered hawk {Buteo lineatus) , 1. Osprey {Pandion haliaetus carolinensis) . 



The species which are injurious to poultry, game, and fish and those 

 which are useful in destroying noxious rodents have already been dis' 



a Recorded on authority of Robert L. Ferguson, of Washington, D. C. 



