38 NORTH AMEEICAN WARBLERS. 



Illinois, and northward to Saskatchewan (Cumberland House) in the 

 west and Cape Breton and Gaspe Bay in the east. The species is a 

 rare visitor to Newfoundland. The southern limit of the breeding- 

 range coincides quite closely with the southern boundary of the Alle- 

 ghenian zone. The bird breeds more commonly in New England than 

 elsewhere in the United States, becoming less and less common to the 

 westward. 



Winter range. — The principal winter home of the Nashville warbler 

 is southern and eastern Mexico, in Puebla, Vera Cruz, eastern Oaxaca, 

 Chiapas, and Campeche, and includes both highlands and lowlands. 

 The parties of the Biological Survey found the species rather common 

 in the open woods of the coffee plantations near Motzorongo, Vera 

 Cruz, only 800 feet above sea level, and equally common at 3,000 feet 

 in Chicharras, Chiapas, near the Pacific coast. They found it in the 

 interior at 3,000 feet at Piaxtla, Puebla, and in the mountains of 

 Oaxaca to about 8,000 feet. It was taken in the last of September, 

 1892, in the mountains of San Luis Potosi at 8,000 feet. In mild 

 winters the species is found as far north ^s the Kio Grande of Texas. 

 It also occurs in Guatemala, but probably only as a rare straggler, as 

 there is no recent record of its occurrence. 



Spring migration. — Although the Nashville warbler is a familiar 

 bird in eastern Texas and in New England, it is scarcely known in the 

 southeastern part of the United States. In the District of Columbia 

 it is a rare migrant. In North Carolina it is rare in the mountains 

 and is scarcely recorded elsewhere. In South Carolina it was not seen 

 b}^ Loomis during fourteen 3^ears of careful collecting, and seems to 

 have been recorded but once in the State. In Florida one accidental 

 occurrence is known, and the bird has apparently not been recorded 

 from Alabama, Mississippi, or Louisiana. It is also unknown in the 

 West Indies and South America, and is practically absent from Central 

 America. 



Assuming that the northward migration route of eastern birds fol- 

 lows the direct course along the western slope of the Alleghenies, the 

 dates of arrival of the Nashville warbler in New England should be 

 considerabl}^ later than those at corresponding latitudes in the Missis- 

 sippi Valley, whereas there is but little difference between them. Some 

 records of average date of arrival are: Frenchcreek, W. Va., April 

 28; Washington, Maj^ 5; Beaver, Pa., Mayl; New Providence, N. J., 

 May 4; southeastern New York, May 3; Portland, Conn., Ma}^ 7; 

 Boston, May 5; Randolph, Vt., May 7; southern New Hampshire, 

 May 5; Lewiston, Me., May 9, and St. John, New Brunswick, May 

 16. The first arrival was seen at Montreal, May 10, 1890; Quebec, 

 May 14, 1890; Scotch Lak^, New Brunswick, May 9, 1902, and Petit- 

 codiac. New Brunswick, May 5, 1886. The average date of arrival at 

 St. Louis is April 26; at Chicago, May 3; in northern Ohio, May 5; 



