BLACKBUENIAN WAEBLEE. 81 



elevation of 4,000 to 6,000 feet in the highlands of Guatemala to as far 

 south as Duenas. A few remain as far north as Merida, Yucatan, and 

 Orizaba, Vera Cruz. The species has been taken at Tehauntepec City, 

 Oaxaca, the only point on the Pacific coast north of Costa Rica at 

 which its presence has been recorded. In migration it has been seen 

 on the lower plains of San Luis Potosi and at Tampico. The bulk of 

 the species seem to pass through Honduras ^ and apparently continue 

 south until they reach the mountain sides, and then follow the moun- 

 tain chain through Costa Rica and Panama. Unfortunately the data 

 at hand are such that the wintering records can not be separated from 

 those of migration. It seems certain, however, that only a few of the 

 species remain farther north than Costa Rica, and but few of the thou- 

 sands that pass through that country remain to winter there. The 

 real winter home of the Blackburnian warbler is in South America, 

 from central Colombia to central Peru. In Colombia directly east of 

 the Isthmus of Panama the species has been found to be very common 

 in winter from Pamplona,* Medellin,^ and Bogata^ southward. It 

 frequents the heavy forests, and is common above 6,000 feet nearly to 

 10,000 feet, especially just below its highest range. It does not usually 

 range below 5,000 feet, but has been once taken onl}^ a little above 

 2,000 feet. A few individuals move northeastward and have been 

 taken at LasNubes^and Valparaiso^ in the Santa Marta region of 

 northern Colombia, and at Merida-^ in western Venezuela— in both 

 districts at 4,500-5,500 feet elevation. In Ecuador ^ the species occurs 

 on both slopes of the Andes, more commonly at altitudes between 

 4,500 and 7,000 feet — rarely to 9,000 feet — though during both spring 

 and fall migrations it has been found at 3,500 feet. In February, 1899, 

 it was ''as thick as autumn leaves " at Papallacta,^*^ eastern Ecuador, at 

 11,500 feet. It is common in northern Peru^ at 3,700-7,000 feet, and 



a Salvin, Ibis, p. 249, 1888. 



& Wyatt, Ibis, p. 322, 1871. 



^Sclater and Salvin, P. Z. S., p. 494, 1879. 



(^Sclater, Cat. Am. Birds, p. 30, 1862. Salvin, Cat. Strickland Coll., p. 90, 1882. 

 Sclater, P. Z. S., p. 143, 1855. 



6 Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., XIII, p. 178, 1900; Auk, XVII, p. 367, 1900. 



/Sclater and Salvin, P. Z. S., p. 780, 1870. Ernst, Flora and Fauna, Venez, 301, 

 1877. 



<7 Sclater, P. Z. S., p. Ill, 1854; p. 64, 1858; pp. 64 and 84, 1860; Ann. and Mag. 

 Nat. Hist., XVI, p. 281, 1855. Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., II, p. 69, 1889. 

 Orton, Am. Nat., V, p. 623, 1871. Hartert, Novit. Zool., V, p. 480, 1898. Berlepsch 

 and Taczanowski, P. Z. S., p. 286, 1884; Taczanowski and Berlepsch, P. Z. S., p. 74, 

 1885. Salvadori and Festa, Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, No. 357, p. 8, 1899. Sharpe, Cat. 

 Birds Brit. Mus., X, pp. 291 and 646, 1885. 



^^Goodfellow, Ibis, p. 314, 1901. 



« Taczanowski, P. Z. S., p. 508, 1874; p. 223, 1879; p. 6, 1882. Orn. du Perou, I, 

 p. 464, 1884. Berlepsch and Stolzmann, P. Z. S., p. 331, 1896. 

 6152— No. 18—04 6 



