KEDSTART. 137 



later than along the South Atlantic coast. A set of extended and 

 excellent notes from Onaga, Kans., for eleven years, 1891-1901, indi- 

 cates that the average date of arrival of the redstart at this place is 

 ^lay 5. Onaga is in northeastern Kansas, and the date accords well 

 with observ^ations made at four towns in the southeastern part of the 

 State, where the average date of arrival is May 3. Both these dates 

 indicate a decidedly later migration to the westward on the plains. 

 The average date of arrival of the species at corresponding latitudes 

 along the foothills of Colorado is about ten days later than along the 

 Mississippi River, and much the same difference appears in Montana, 

 where the first migrants have been seen at Terry May 16, Great Falls 

 May 21, and Columbia Falls Ma}^ 21. Hence it is fair to presume that 

 it was not by way of Montana that the redstarts came which appeared 

 at Osier, Saskatchewan, Mslj 17, 1893; Fort Chippewyan, Athabasca, 

 May 23, 1901; Fort Resolution, Mackenzie, May 23, 1860; and Fort 

 Simpson, Mackenzie, May 20, 1860, and May 25, 1901. A redstart 

 was seen on June 8, 1889, at Chilliwack, British Columbia. 



The redstart is one of the latest warblers to leave its winter home. 

 It was taken on March 30, 1899, at Valparaiso, Colombia; on ]March 

 6, 1889, at San Jose, Costa Rica, and March 13, 1861, elsewhere in 

 that countr}^, and in May on the island of Cozumel. One was seen in 

 May in Tabasco, Mexico, and another in April in Oaxaca. In 1900, 

 as late as the middle of June, a redstart came aboard a vessel in the 

 Bay of Campeche. 



Mill migration. — The redstart is one of the earliest fall migrants to 

 reach Cuba. Whenever birds strike in the early fall at the Florida 

 lighthouses, this species is almost sure to be among them. The red- 

 start breeds over so much of the eastern United States that the begin- 

 ning of its southward movement is somewhat difficult to note. It is 

 safe to say, however, that migration begins in Juh^ and is well under 

 way by the latter part of the month. Consequently the finding of 

 both male and female redstarts in a given localit}^ in the middle of July 

 does not make it safe to assume that they nested there. In Chester 

 County, S. C, just south of the breeding range in the Alleghenies, 

 the earliest southbound migrant of the 3^ear was seen on July 10, 

 though of course migrants are not common In Juh". The earliest 

 dates of the arrival of fall migrants at New Orleans are July 21, 1899, 

 July 29, 1900, and July 30, 1897. At Key West, Fla., where the 

 species certainly does not breed, it was seen July 22, 1889; and near 

 there, at Sombrero Key lighthouse, the earliest dates of striking the 

 light are July 28 and 29, 1886. The regular tide of migration sets in 

 early in August, and the species has struck the Florida lighthouses 

 on nineteen different nights of this month. 



The redstart has been taken in Jamaica by August 10; on the Pacific 



