Photograph by Alix Bodenheimer 



THE JADING COW, WITH ANTIQUE BELL, LEAVING EOR THE ALPS IN SPRING 



The cowbells, which are worn by all cattle while pasturing in the Alps, assist the cow- 

 herds in preventing the cattle from straying. These cowherds form a distinct class, who do 

 not own the cattle they tend. The milk given each day is entered in a book, and then made 

 into butter or cheese, the cowherds and the cheesemaker having a right to a certain propor- 

 tion of the milk for their own use. At the end of the season the proceeds from each cow is 

 turned over to the owner, and the herder receives a share, together with a small sum for 

 each cow tended. 



making any actual outlay of cash for his 

 keep. 



A very much smaller acreage and a 

 very much smaller investment of labor 

 would provide the necessary alcohol for 

 a tractor-operated farm than would be 

 required to feed the horses the tractors 

 would substitute. Many advanced far- 

 mers in various parts of the world have 

 substituted the horse with potato-alcohol- 

 driven motors, and with remarkably suc- 

 cessful results. It would be one of the 

 most revolutionary developments of hu- 

 man history if the humble potato should 

 become at once both team and food. The 

 world's present potato crop is approxi- 

 mately large enough to fill two-thirds of 

 the Panama Canal. 



MILK A UNIVERSAL COMMODITY 



In any discussion of the world's mar- 

 ket basket the importance of milk cannot 



be overlooked. In the United States 

 alone we produce more than six billion 

 gallons a year. This is an average of 

 nearly one gallon per cow a day. Ex- 

 clusive of the milk and cream consumed 

 on the farms of the country (which, by 

 the way, represents the bulk of our pro- 

 duction), our dairy products are worth 

 $600,000,000 a year ( see page 44) . 



In other words, they are worth enough 

 to build a Panama Canal and pay for the 

 maintenance of the American army and 

 navy every year. 



Only one-third of all of the milk pro- 

 duced in the United States is sold from 

 the farm. Much of that which remains 

 is used for domestic purposes there, al- 

 though a billion pounds of butter is 

 proudly exhibited by the American farm 

 as one of its by-products. 



The total production of butter in the 

 United States is around 1,700,000,000 



47 



